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Course Descriptions

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Courses numbered between 0001 and 0999 or between 7000 and 7999 are lower-level undergraduate courses; 2000-2999 are master's level; 3000-3999 are doctoral level. Workshops and special seminars that are offered at the graduate level for career development have 9000-9999 designations.

Basic Areas of Education
EDUC 2000 PSYCHOLOGY OF LEARNING AND DEVELOPMENT FOR EDUCATORS
Course focuses on those areas of development and learning that have relevance for educators. Course covers preschool through old age. For each age range, typical behaviors and competencies that are learned or developed are considered from a number of domains (cognitive, affective, psychomotor, social). Attention is also given to appropriate research methods. An interactionist perspective is utilized; the course may be team taught.

EDUC 2001 EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY FOR INSTRUCTION
Course focuses on the main ideas, research findings, and instructional implications of cognitive psychology for major topics in educational psychology (development, learning, curriculum, measurement, and classroom and group processes). Both child and adult learners are studied. A premise of the course is that instructional procedures should be related to cognitive processes and to knowledge already attained by the learner. Course is primarily lecture/discussion with application-oriented homework assignments.

EDUC 2002 SURVEY OF DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY (Cross-listed with PSYED 2107)
Prepares students to understand individuals from a developmental perspective. Course covers development from the time of conception until the end of life. Physical, cognitive emotional, and psychosocial processes are considered. Class is taught by means of lectures, discussions, and student presentations.

EDUC 2003 ADULT LEARNING (Cross-listed with PSYED 3522)
Course presents psychological theory, research, and analytical methods applicable to the variety of settings in which adults learn and to the variety of objectives adults have for learning. The roles of memory, prior knowledge, and self-regulated learning in these and other task domains are considered. Students should emerge with an understanding of how to analyze what is involved in selected domains of learning and how to identify the more important questions for research.

EDUC 2004 INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES IN INSTRUCTION (Cross-listed with PSYED 2005)
Provides study of the psychology of individuality and of individual differences that are relevant to instruction. Differences considered include cognitive and psychomotor abilities, academic motivation, cognitive strategies, and learning styles. Course focuses on how to use these differences in the design of adaptive interventions. Several models of intervention are considered in light of theory and research.

EDUC 2005 PSYCHOLOGY OF CROSS-CULTURAL DEVELOPMENT AND LEARNING (Cross-listed with PSYED 2002)
Course teaches concepts of human development and learning and the effects of culture on these variables. Cross-cultural research literature is used to describe the roles that culture plays in cognitive development, communication, learning, and individual differences in ability, achievement, and social skills. Laboratory experiences utilize cultural experiences to explain cross-national and micro-cultural differences in development and learning. The course is designed for international students and US students whose future careers involve other cultures.

EDUC 2006 PSYCHOMOTOR DEVELOPMENT (Cross-listed with HPRED 2403)
Covers factors that influence children's motor skill performance. In addition to developing a research project on some aspect of motor skill development, topics include: factors that influence motor performance, growth and maturation, physiological development, fundamental motor pattern development, and information processing in motor skill acquisition.

EDUC 2100 EDUCATION AND SOCIETY
Focuses on the interaction between educational institutions and their social context. Uses methods and insights drawn from the social sciences and humanities in the examination of such policy issues as the role of the school in social change, the relationship between economic systems and educational institutions, the influence of non-formal educational forces, and the politics of school reform.

EDUC 2102 HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN THE UNITED STATES (Cross-listed with ADMPS 2306)
Both a chronological order and a thematic/conceptual investigation constitute the structure of this course by juxtaposing past and contemporary historical developments. Emphasis is placed on the ideas that prevailed in different time periods. Conflicting organizational arrangements, competing theories, and growing external pressures in different eras are traced and analyzed in order to develop an educational historiography.

EDUC 2103 RACE AND RACISM IN EDUCATION AND SOCIETY (Cross-listed with ADMPS 2050)
Focuses on issues of equity in education based upon the divisions of American society by social constructs of "race." The course is designed to expose students to conceptual frameworks of culture, society, race, class, and gender from the social sciences and humanities for understanding the experiences of subordinated minority groups in school and society. The practical problems of social and school reform in American communities and schools will be addressed.

EDUC 2104 EDUCATION AND SOCIAL MOVEMENTS (Cross-listed with ADMPS 2344)
Ethnic movements have created non-formal educational programs. Assesses pedagogical aspects of movement education and evaluates movement education outcomes regarding movement goals and relations with the larger society.

EDUC 2105 SOCIOLOGY OF EDUCATION (Cross-listed with ADMPS 2305)
An analysis of the development of modern social institutions with special reference to the sociology of the schools. The school is studied as a social system and in the context of broad social organization.

EDUC 2106 EDUCATION AND CULTURE (Cross-listed with ADMPS 2342)
Course integrates anthropological, psychological, and sociological theories and research evidence. Attention is given to similarities and differences in culture elements (including language, thought, and values) among age groups.

EDUC 2107 COMPREHENSIVE HEALTH EDUCATION FOR TOMORROW (Cross-listed with HPRED 2322)
Focuses on the roles of schools in responding to the health needs of children in collaboration with the family and community. Examined is how schools and communities compliment and support health and social services needed to overcome the conditions that put a young person at educational risk.

EDUC 2108 POLITICS OF US EDUCATION (Cross-listed with ADMPS 2302)
Analyzes broad national and international political issues as they relate to schools. Political issues are viewed from a contemporary political perspective and are compared to other social science interpretations. An examination is made of the dialectical relationship between the state and the school in an effort to determine how social, economic, and cultural reproduction occurs.

EDUC 2200 DISCIPLINED INQUIRY
Course deals both with methods used in educational research and with the underlying theories, assumptions, and limitations. Students examine various inquiry activities, including sampling, observation, and other data collection activities, as well as critical analysis of literature relevant to an important educational problem. These inquiry activities and study provide a foundation for further study of epistemological issues on which educational research and theory are based.

EDUC 2201 INTRODUCTION TO RESEARCH METHODOLOGY (Cross-listed with PSYED 2001)
Introduces basic language and concepts of empirical research with emphasis on the applicability of research methodology (statistics, measurement, design, and evaluation) for improvement of professional practice in education.

EDUC 2202 EDUCATIONAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL MEASUREMENT (Cross-listed with PSYED 2072)
Introduction to basic principles of measurement and a survey of educational and psychological testing. Topics include validity, reliability, item selection, and referencing (both norm and criterion); interpreting factor analysis of test scores; using tests in decisions; social and ethical issues in testing; theories of intelligence and their relation to intelligence testing; and tests of personality. Students participate in a laboratory section where they analyze data and evaluate tests. Prerequisites: PSYED 2001 or equivalent and PSYED 2014 are recommended.

EDUC 2203 EDUCATIONAL ANTHROPOLOGY (Cross-listed with ADMPS 2352 and ANTH 2728)
Cultural anthropology is presented as an interpretive social science for disciplined inquiry into social institutions and processes, including education. Education is viewed as cultural transmission in the context of contemporary communities and society. The course includes an introduction to cultural theory, anthropological field work, and ethnographic analysis.

Administrative and Policy Studies
ADMPS 0479 SOCIOLOGY OF EDUCATION
The purpose of this course is to show the place of education as a subsystem within a larger societal structure and to understand the significance of education for the vital area of socialization. Educational values, norms, roles, and institutions, as well as various aspects of the educational process will be analyzed.

ADMPS 1001 SOCIAL FOUNDATION OF EDUCATION
A broad-based overview of the foundations of education addressing education issues and policies in the United States. An interdisciplinary approach will be used to explore the historical, philosophical, and sociological development of education. The use of group discussions will facilitate the application of principles and concepts to current issues in education.

ADMPS 1089 SPECIAL TOPICS
Current topics of particular sociological interest. Topics covered vary with instructor and term.

ADMPS 1360 PEACE MOVEMENTS AND PEACE EDUCATION: GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE
Course focuses on two major components in the field of peace studies: peace movements and peace education. Key concepts (e.g., peace, war, violence, conflict, justice, equality, democracy, and citizenship) and theories are discussed. Movements for (inter-personal, intergroup, and international) peace initiated by people in the United States and other countries historically and today will be analyzed. School, university, and community-based peace education programs developed in various countries will also be examined.

ADMPS 2050 RACE AND RACISM IN EDUCATION AND SOCIETY (Cross-listed with EDUC 2103)
Focuses on issues of equity in education based upon the divisions of American society by social constructs of "race." The course is designed to expose students to conceptual frameworks of culture, society, race, class, and gender from the social sciences and humanities for understanding the experiences of subordinated minority groups in school and society. The practical problems of social and school reform in American communities and schools will be addressed.

ADMPS 2089 SPECIAL TOPICS
A course listing for newly instituted and experimental courses.

ADMPS 2090 RESEARCH SEMINAR
Final seminar for candidates for the Master of Education degree in which each student prepares an original research paper.

ADMPS 2091 SUPERVISED RESEARCH
A registration unit for students working with an academic adviser to fulfill a supervised research requirement.

ADMPS 2092 ELEMENTARY SCHOOL PRACTICUM
The practicum reviews the field-based clinical experience of elementary administration students for state certification.

ADMPS 2093 SECONDARY SCHOOL PRACTICUM
The practicum reviews the field-based clinical experience of secondary administration students for state certification.

ADMPS 2095 CENTRAL OFFICE ADMINISTRATION PRACTICUM
The internship in central office administration provides an opportunity for the student to gain practical experience and demonstrate the knowledge, skills, and competencies attained during the process of the training program in educational administration. It also furnishes the context of reality within which the student may acquire additional knowledge, skills, and competencies as theory is translated into practice in the working world of the school system.

ADMPS 2096 INTERNSHIP IN SUPERVISION
The internship in supervision provides an examined work experience in the field resembling as closely as possible the kind of professional activities the student may perform as a certified Supervisor of Curriculum and Instruction. Each intern designs an internship field experience with the University faculty internship instructor that includes at least eight (8) hours per week of practical field based experience at a faculty approved site with designated on-site supervision.

ADMPS 2097 POLICY, PLANNING, AND EVALUATION PRACTICUM
Independent study initiated by the student with adviser's approval and related to the student's program of study.

ADMPS 2098 DIRECTED STUDY
Study approved and directed by an academic adviser.

ADMPS 2099 GUIDANCE IN THE MASTER'S DEGREE
A registration unit for students preparing a master's overview and thesis.

ADMPS 2100 PRINCIPALS' ASSESSMENT LABORATORY
Typically offered by two faculty as a week-long diagnostic experience, M-F from 8:30 - 4:30. Students will be provided with the opportunity to become aware of their capabilities and needs in a variety of areas, e.g., leadership, problem solving ability, communication skills (verbal and non-verbal), educational values, organizational ability, motivation, sensitivity, and tolerance of stress. Students will participate in individual and group activities. Data from these activities will be the basis for establishing an individual professional educational plan.

ADMPS 2101 PENNSYLVANIA SCHOOL LAW
The purpose of the course is to help students acquire a working knowledge of Pennsylvania school law. Attention will focus primarily but not exclusively on Pennsylvania law. Expert mastery of the law and technical competence in applying the law are beyond the scope of the course. Instead, a working knowledge of the fundamental provisions of the law will be used as a basis for the study of the organization and administration of education in the social system.

ADMPS 2102 TCD SCHOOL LAW FOR TEACHERS (Cross-listed with I&L 2929)
Provides an in-depth study of the legal rights and responsibilities of the classroom teacher and examines such legal concepts as negligence, teacher suspension, teacher dismissal, and freedom of speech.

ADMPS 2105 SCHOOL AND COMMUNITIES: THE POLITICS OF EDUCATION
Provides an introduction to the organization and administration of schools. A primary focus of the course will be the identification and analysis of various political forces and societal conditions that impinge upon both policy and operation of schools. Emphasis is placed on the areas of relationship that exist between the broader political arena and schools and significant areas of controversy that result from ideological clashes within the school and society.

ADMPS 2106 INTRODUCTION TO EDUCATIONAL SYSTEMS PLANNING
Deals with the management of both strategic planning processes and policy formation. Tools and techniques necessary for planning and implementing change in educational organizations are presented and discussed. Students are afforded an opportunity to participate in a planning process during the term of the course. Students will be responsible for completion of a group project. There will be a final examination.

ADMPS 2107 EDUCATIONAL ADMINISTRATION AND MANAGEMENT
Analyzes major theories of organization and organizational behavior and how they relate to educational institutions. Emphasis is placed on the relationship to educational organizations of such matters as: characteristics and tasks of organizations; social science research and theory; organizational climate and culture; the influence of geopolitical, social, and economic forces; styles of management and leadership- theories of motivation; the dynamics of organizational change and conflict.

ADMPS 2108 EDUCATIONAL FACILITIES PLANNING
Focuses on current techniques, trends, and issues in the planning and management of educational facilities, including determination of need for facilities, their renovation and adaptation to emerging educational trends, and planning techniques for development of new or existing facilities. Students complete two individual projects and participate in a computer simulation of facilities planning. Projects and course content are applicable to students in planning and/or managing educational facilities in basic higher education or international education settings.

ADMPS 2109 THE SCHOOL ADMINISTRATOR
Helps students develop their vision of the school administrator as supervisor, manager, and instructional leader and adapt that vision to the operational issues they will face both in their related practicums and later in their day-to-day practice of their roles. Among the issues are: site-based management, contract management, students' rights and obligations, evaluation of staff, curriculum, instruction, staff development, program development, community relationships, scheduling, and support services.

ADMPS 2110 SCHOOL CURRICULUM: PRINCIPLES, ANALYSIS, AND DESIGN
Provides students with a framework for implementing curriculum theory as they develop skills in the process of curriculum development and planning.

ADMPS 2111 ADMINISTRATION OF STUDENT PERSONNEL SERVICES
Focuses on the current practice, creative thought, and research related to pupil personnel leadership K-12. Students will demonstrate skill in analyzing, critiquing, and researching current issues in the area of administration. The requirements are two papers, one of which will be presented and defended in class, and a creative team project.

ADMPS 2112 GROUP DYNAMICS/INTERGROUP RELATIONS
Focus is on enhancing the student's awareness of self through the dynamics of the group experience and developing understanding of communication and leadership style. Also looks at issues in intergroup relations and team building. The requirements are active participation, a journal that will reflect on each session, and an individual or team project.

ADMPS 2115 SCHOOL SUPERVISION: THEORY AND SKILLS
Develops a theoretical base for the practice of supervision in educational institutions and teaches the skills to plan, implement, and evaluate the practice of supervision in various settings. Students learn and practice the following skills: observation of teaching, data collection, conferencing, verbal interactions, planning, analysis of teaching and learning, evaluation strategies. Active learning and skill practice are a regular part of the course.

ADMPS 2117 MODES OF INSTRUCTION
Helps students learn about the range of instructional techniques available as their conceptual base for instructional leadership. Includes practical demonstration by students of various instructional techniques.

ADMPS 2120 STUDENT SERVICES MANAGEMENT
Focuses on strategies to effectively manage and administer the student services of diverse college and university campuses. Additionally, it explores how organizational theory can be applied to help improve policy making, personnel management, resources allocation, and the organization of administrative units.

ADMPS 2131 INTRODUCTION TO HIGHER EDUCATION ADMINISTRATION
At the conclusion of this course, students will have acquired an understanding of major organizational theories and how they relate to educational organizations. They will also be able to describe a conceptual framework that can be utilized as a generic base for the practice of administration and as a diagnostic tool that will assist in identifying organizational problems.

ADMPS 2132 HIGHER EDUCATION CURRICULUM
A study of major curriculum developments in colleges and universities. Attention is given to controversy and experimentation in higher education, to the relationship between education and specialization, and to the aims and purposes of higher education in relation to curricular policies. Procedures and techniques important to the study and development of the curriculum are critically examined. Can be used for certificate of Latin American Studies, with prior approval.

ADMPS 2133 GENDER ISSUES IN HIGHER EDUCATION
Seminar focuses on higher education in the United States. It explores women's early and contemporary encounters with institutions of higher education as students, faculty, administrators, and staff.

ADMPS 2201 DATA BASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
Teaches educators how to use an important application of microcomputers, data base management systems. Students will be introduced to microcomputers, disk operating system (DOS), and data base applications software. Students will be expected to develop a data base application. Students preparing for careers in administration, teaching, or research will find these techniques useful in their work. The course is designed to adapt to a wide range of student backgrounds and computer experience.

ADMPS 2202 BILINGUAL EDUCATION (Cross-listed with 2250 Linguistics)
Explores the nature of BE and its effectiveness in various social settings. The approach will be at the macro level of types of BE and the society needs that give cause to its various forms of institutionalization. The interpretation of BE from an equilibrium and a group conflict perspective will be considered as well as the basic point that the research findings on BE cannot be interpreted unless BE is understood as an intervening variable rather than as a casual factor. To that purpose, numerous case studies from around the world will be examined and compared.

ADMPS 2302 POLITICS OF US EDUCATION (Cross-listed with EDUC 2108)
Analyzes broad national and international political issues as they relate to schools. Political issues are viewed from a contemporary political perspective and are compared to other social science interpretations. An examination is made of the dialectical relationship between the state and the school in an effort to determine how social, economic, and cultural reproduction occurs.

ADMPS 2305 SOCIOLOGY OF EDUCATION (Cross-listed EDUC 2105)
An analysis of the development of modern social institutions with special reference to the sociology of the schools. The school is studied as a social system and in the context of a broad social organization.

ADMPS 2306 HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN THE UNITED STATES (Cross-listed with EDUC 2102)
Both a chronological order and a thematic/conceptual investigation will constitute the structure of this course by juxtaposing past and contemporary historical developments. Emphasis will be placed on the ideas that prevailed in different time periods. Conflicting organizational arrangements, competing theories, and growing external pressures in different eras will be traced and analyzed in order to develop an educational historiography.

ADMPS 2307 POLITICS AND HISTORY OF HIGHER EDUCATION
Examines the development of higher education in the United States relative to political theory and historical phenomena. Course begins with a discussion of the earliest contributions to higher education from the civilization of Egypt, Africa. Following this, the later contributions of Greece and Europe are given critical attention. Historically, black and women's colleges are discussed as these colleges uniquely developed within the United States. Additionally, political and historical discussion is guided by the influences of (1) corporate power, (2) militarization, (3) racism, and (4) sexism.

ADMPS 2310 CONTEMPORARY PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION
Examines how philosophies of education can contribute to one's vision of what educative experience can be. Central educational concepts (e.g. knowing, learning, thinking, valuing, growth) are analyzed in alternative ways. Thinking philosophically entails different analytic methodologies. Three will be utilized in this course of study: linguistic analysis, pragmatic/instrumental, and existential phenomenology. In addition, prevailing theories of learning are analyzed to determine their influence in shaping one's educational vision.

ADMPS 2312 THE SUPREME COURT AND EDUCATION
Assesses the extent to which Supreme Court decisions and their accompanying opinions have shaped educational and social policy in the United States. Policy, in this sense, means the authoritative decisions that the Court has made in questions related to church/state issues, desegregation, academic freedom, the civil rights of students and teachers, and equality of educational opportunity. Attention will be given to the flow of social history in order to identify the possible influences on the Court's rationale. Some views on the development of legal philosophy will be considered.

ADMPS 2342 EDUCATION AND CULTURE (Cross-listed with EDUC 2106)
Integrates anthropological, psychological, and sociological theories and research evidence. Attention is given to similarities and differences in cultural elements (including language, thought, and values) among age groups.

ADMPS 2344 EDUCATION AND SOCIAL MOVEMENTS (Cross-listed with EDUC 2104)
Seminar examines the conditions under which social and ethnic movements have created non-formal educational programs; assesses pedagogical aspects of movement education; and evaluates movement education outcomes regarding movement goals and relations with the larger society.

ADMPS 2352 EDUCATIONAL ANTHROPOLOGY (Cross-listed with EDUC 2203 and ANTH 2728)
Cultural anthropology is presented as an interpretive social science for disciplined inquiry into social institutions and processes, including education. Education is viewed as cultural transmission in the context of contemporary communities and society. The course includes an introduction to culture theory, anthropological field work, and ethnographic analysis.

ADMPS 2353 APPLIED ANTHROPOLOGY (Cross-listed with ANTH 2775 and 1775)
Viewing applied anthropology as a possible career choice, this course will define the field, contrast it with basic anthropology, examine the concept of policy analysis, and survey the kinds of applied anthropology conducted within the realm of cultural anthropology (urban, education, community development, etc.). Methods and techniques used in applied anthropology will be reviewed.

ADMPS 2354 DEVELOPMENT EDUCATION AND APPLIED ANTHROPOLOGY (Cross-listed with ANTH 2761)
Seminar explores the practical applications of anthropology to educational programs in domestic and cross-cultural settings. Important topics include a theory of development assistance and social change, the role of education in cultural continuity and change, the different relationships possible between educational institutions and their community, and models of educational change. Applications of anthropology to the study of poverty, administration, and community development are included.

ADMPS 2355 ETHNOGRAPHY OF EDUCATION (Cross-listed with ANTH 2785)
An advanced seminar on ethnographic research methods and anthropological analysis applied to the study of education. Ethnographic methods of investigation are critically analyzed and significant ethnographic research on education is surveyed. Topics include culture theory, cultural transmission, and ethnographic analyses of education.

ADMPS 2356 FIELD METHODS (Cross-listed with ANTH 2763)
Designed to acquaint students with basic ethnographic field work techniques. Topics addressed include taking and managing field notes on participant-observation and use of archival materials. There will also be some discussion of the relationship between research design, data collection, and data analysis.

ADMPS 2359 GENDER, EDUCATION, AND THIRD WORLD DEVELOPMENT
Graduate seminar examines and critiques the international division of labor, focusing particularly on the roles and status of women in so-called "third world" societies, and the intersection of gender, "development" and education. Education is discussed in its broadest sense-as socialization, the transmission of knowledge-as well as institutionalized training.

ADMPS 2360 JAPANESE SOCIETY, CULTURE, AND EDUCATION (Cross-listed with ANTH 2760)
Japanese education is viewed as a social and cultural process. Culture-specific patterns and theories of education observable in school practice, familial socialization, and other educational settings are viewed in their broader social and cultural contexts.

ADMPS 2398 ECONOMICS OF EDUCATION (Cross-listed with PIA 2587)
Provides an introduction to the economic analysis of education, with particular emphasis given to the economics of education in developing countries. Among the topics to be covered are human capital theory, educational production functions, rate of return analysis, various issues in educational policy, including educational finance. Course requirements include a short paper and a final exam.

ADMPS 2399 THE POLITICAL ECONOMY OF EDUCATION (Cross-listed with PIA 2584)
Continues the examination of the economic analysis of education begun in ADMPS 2398, and attempts to place the techniques of economic analysis discussed there in a broader intellectual and political context. Particular attention is given to critiques of neoclassical economic analysis; to alternative frameworks for economic analysis, including class-conflict and institutional approaches; and to the applications of economic analysis in the educational policy process.

ADMPS 3001 DISCIPLINED INQUIRY IN ADMINISTRATIVE AND POLICY STUDIES
The disciplinary and methodological bases for knowledge and associated inquiry in educational administration and policy study are addressed. Examples of research from various disciplines and professional fields are used to show the relationship among theory, method, and knowledge. The relative importance of substantive and methodological concerns in doing research is emphasized. Activities include critiques of APS literature, tests, and conducting pilot studies.

ADMPS 3003 APS CORE I
Provides an introduction to the study of administration, administrative science, and the educational policy- making process. Attention is given to how educational policy is made at local, state, national, and international levels.

ADMPS 3004 APS CORE 11
The disciplinary and methodological bases for knowledge and associated inquiry in educational administration and policy study are addressed. Examples of research from various disciplines and professional fields are used to show the relationship among theory, method, and knowledge. The relative importance of substantive and methodological concerns in doing research are emphasized. Grades are based on descriptions and critiques of APS literature, tests, and participation in class.

ADMPS 3007 THE LAW AND SOCIETY
Provides an in-depth study of law in a contemporary society, using a multi-disciplinary approach. The course takes a research/policy analysis focus, based on case law, statutory law, and federal and state constitutions. Research topics include: 1) sexual harassment; 2) race, sex, age, and employment discrimination; 3) mandatory drug testing in the workplace; 4) AIDS in the public/private sector; 5) juvenile delinquency/dependency; 6) collective bargaining in higher education; 7) child abuse; and 8) health care and death and dying.

ADMPS 3010 SURVEY RESEARCH
Designed as a basic introduction to the research methods and statistical analyzes associated with various types of survey research. Identifying populations, sampling techniques, designing questions and questionnaires, and implementing various types of surveys are presented in this course. Students will apply the skills presented through the development of workable surveys, including telephone, mailed and/or interviews, from conception of the study through analysis.

ADMPS 3011 ASSESSMENT LABORATORY
Typically offered by two faculty as a week-long diagnostic experience, M-F from 8:30-4:30. Students will be provided with the opportunity to become aware of their capabilities and needs in a variety of areas, e.g., leadership, problem solving ability, communication skills (verbal and non-verbal), educational values, organizational ability, motivation, sensitivity, and tolerance of stress. Students will participate in individual and group activities. Data from these activities will be the basis for establishing an individual professional educational plan.

ADMPS 3012 FIELD METHODS IN EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH
Designed to expose students to some of the issues about and methods available for collecting and analyzing data from humans in naturalistic settings. The course focuses on data collection and analysis techniques associated with survey research and ethnographic research. The assumptions of human behavior underlying particular uses of questionnaires, interviews, and participant observation will be discussed. Attention will be given to the appropriateness of various research methods.

ADMPS 3013 HISTORIOGRAPHY OF EDUCATION
The theory and practice of historical research in education are the twin emphases in this course. Such conceptual issues as the meaning and logic of history, the problem of causation, the perils of generalization, and the centrality of interpretation are analyzed. Such methodological topics as those related to the collection, verification, and organization of historical evidence are studied. The works of major 20th-century American educational historians are examined for the purpose of developing some perspective on the process of writing history.

ADMPS 3014 DISABILITIES LAW AND SOCIETY
Provides an in-depth study concerning the legal rights of persons with disabilities, based upon three federal statues primarily: Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA); Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (Section 504); and Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA). Focusing upon such topics as discrimination in employment, public accommodation, and access to telecommunication, this course should be especially helpful to administrators, teachers, social workers, rehabilitation counselors, occupational and physical therapists, nurses, and other professionals. Course meets the school law requirement for state certification.

ADMPS 3015 ETHICAL ISSUES IN HIGHER EDUCATION
The ethical issues that present themselves in the educational setting are examined. Students are expected to recognize and evaluate these ethical issues in terms of their own value system as well as that of others. Each student is expected to prepare a case study that questions the ethical issues involved.

ADMPS 3016 INTRODUCTION TO QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
Qualitative research is about multiple perspective in educational research. The label, qualitative methods, is loosely used as an umbrella term, covering an array of interpretive techniques which seek to describe, decode, translate, and otherwise come to terms with the meaning (not the frequency) of educational phenomena. And, although qualitative studies have been conducted for decades, there is now emerging a new genre in educational research. The contents of this course are intended to provide novice researchers with an orientation to this emerging tradition.

ADMPS 3089 SPECIAL TOPICS
A course listing for newly instituted and experimental courses.

ADMPS 3090 DOCTORAL SEMINAR
A seminar for doctoral students developing research prior to the preparation of dissertation overview.

ADMPS 3091 SUPERVISED RESEARCH IN EDUCATIONAL ADMINISTRATION
A registration unit for students working with an academic adviser to fulfill their doctoral supervised research requirement.

ADMPS 3092 HIGHER EDUCATION INTERNSHIP
An administrative internship in a higher education institution.

ADMPS 3093 CENTRAL OFFICE ADMINISTRATION INTERNSHIP (COHORT)
Provides an opportunity for the student to gain practical experience and demonstrate the knowledge, skills, and competencies attained during the process of the training program in educational administration. Furnishes the context of reality within which the student may acquire additional knowledge, skills, and competencies as theory is translated into practice in the working world of the school system.

ADMPS 3095 INTERNSHIP: POLICY, PLANNING, AND EVALUATION
An internship at a field site providing research experience in policy, planning, and evaluation.

ADMPS 3097 SUPERVISED RESEARCH
Doctoral study initiated by the student with adviser's approval and related to the student's program of study.

ADMPS 3098 DIRECTED STUDY
Doctoral study approved and directed by an academic adviser.

ADMPS 3099 GUIDANCE IN THE DOCTORAL DEGREE
A registration unit for students preparing a doctoral dissertation or dissertation overview.

ADMPS 3100 EDUCATIONAL LEADERSHIP
Analyzes the components of instructional leadership necessary in educational institutions. Emphasis is placed on the development of a personal and coherent vision of effective institutions, including knowledge of alternative visions, the design of steps to achieve a vision, the knowledge and attitude needed to effect changes in programs.

ADMPS 3101 RESOURCES MANAGEMENT
This course for students in Educational Administration (K-12) reviews and analyzes major issues and the means for managing institutional resources in education. Emphasis is placed on fiscal, human, and physical resources in basic education. Focuses on Pennsylvania School budgeting procedures. Required for those seeking the Letter of Eligibility.

ADMPS 3102 SCHOOL LAW
Provides an in-depth study of the impact of federal and state law on educational institutions. Topics covered include: student discipline, tort liability, the handicapped child, affirmative action, school desegregation, freedom of speech, termination of employment, and church-state separation. Emphasis will be placed upon empirical research and education law.

ADMPS 3103 SCHOOL FINANCIAL BUSINESS OPERATION
Focuses on considerations of school finance and school plant in order to develop practical skills in resource management for future school administrators. Topics include: taxation, school funding formulas, accounting, budgeting, managing technical systems, risk management, and implications for policy reforms.

ADMPS 3104 COLLEGE AND UNIVERSITY STRATEGIC PLANNING
Provides a conceptual framework for the development of an integrated institutional plan. Examines external trends in relationship to university missions, major components to be included in the plan, specification of priorities and resource requirements, and procedures for evaluating plan outcomes. Particular attention will be given to alternative organizational structures and processes for developing the plan.

ADMPS 3106 PROGRAM PLANNING AND EVALUATION
The relationships between program planning and program evaluation are emphasized in this study of organizational efforts to organize programs and analyze outcomes. Skills and concepts used by administrators are emphasized. Decision-making processes regarding planning and evaluation are also examined.

ADMPS 3107 LEADERSHIP IN ORGANIZATIONAL RENEWAL
Focuses on how to improve and renew educational organizations through development of the leadership team, the staff, students, and community.

ADMPS 3108 INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN HIGHER EDUCATION
Designed for practicing administrators who have relatively little experience with administrative computing. The basic objectives are to introduce students to a variety of generic software that can be used to manage, analyze, synthesize, and interpret data, and to discuss the management of information systems.

ADMPS 3109 STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT IN EDUCATION
Focuses on internal institutional management with an emphasis on computer applications in context. Topics include planning models, decision support, financial, political, and cultural considerations.

ADMPS 3112 STAFF DEVELOPMENT (K-12)
Conceptualizes staff development as an interdisciplinary activity that integrates theory, research, and practice from the study of supervision, organizational development, instruction, communications, leadership, planning, adult learning, and program evaluation.

ADMPS 3113 PUBLIC RELATIONS AND MARKETING IN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS (K-12)
Schools are an integral part of the developing information age. Communication skills are essential for both the people who use educational services and for the people who provide education. This course has been designed to enhance the communication skills and techniques of people in basic and higher education. Students will develop knowledge concerning the theories of marketing and communications appropriate for various types of educational institutions. They will also develop knowledge concerning the relationship of marketing to political, social, and financial support for schooling.

ADMPS 3114 HUMAN RESOURCES I
Human Resources I will focus on current practice, creative thought, and research related to leadership in K-12 of staff development, personnel administration, and pupil personnel. A case study technique will be used and the student's major task will be to develop an overall human resource program for a school district.

ADMPS 3115 THE SUPERINTENDENT IN EDUCATIONAL LEADERSHIP
Presents an introduction to the role of the district superintendent in educational and instructional leadership, with illustrations drawn from the recent history of the Pittsburgh Public School system.

ADMPS 3116 SCHOOLS AS COMPLEX ORGANIZATIONS (K-12)
Presents a review of organization theories as they apply to schools. Topics include organizational typologies, competing models of organizational structure, organization-environment linkages, and the evaluation of organizational effectiveness. Course requirements: completion of assigned readings, class participation, three short papers, and a final examination.

ADMPS 3117 ADMINISTRATION AND FINANCE OF EDUCATION IN DEVELOPING
COUNTRIES
Reviews current research in the fields of educational administration and educational finance as these relate to the special circumstances of developing countries. Topics receiving emphasis include educational planning, costing and cost analysis, administrative decentralization, the role of foreign assistance, and educational policy making and reform. Course requirements: completion of assigned readings, class participation, an in-class examination, and a term paper of 15 to 20 pages.

ADMPS 3118 CONFLICT MANAGEMENT
This course reviews theory and research on organizational and interpersonal conflict. Practical assessment of personal, organizational, and political conflict are applied to educational organizations. Strategies for coping and support systems for administrators are discussed.

ADMPS 3122 RESEARCH SEMINAR IN SCHOOL ADMINISTRATION
Research seminar in elementary school administration for elementary school administrators, those seeking Elementary School Principal's certification, and majors in education beyond the master's level. Intensive investigation of problems in administration.

ADMPS 3126 ADULTS AS LEARNERS IN THE CURRICULUM
Course content will include the study of adult development and adult learning in educational settings. Class members will be able to practice a form of inquiry known as "reflective theorizing" as they develop substantive concepts and principles from simulation-like experiences. A conceptual framework for curriculum development will provide the centerpiece for class activities.

ADMPS 3127 CURRICULUM: PERSPECTIVES AND ISSUES (K-12)
Participants will examine the background in the field of curriculum: the historical antecedents, relevant contexts, philosophic assumptions, and curriculum creation through the making of school policy. There will be a comparison of the various schools of thought that influence practice and inquiry, as well as an analysis of contemporary issues in curriculum practice and policy.

ADMPS 3128 COLLEGE AND UNIVERSITY BUDGET MANAGEMENT
Focuses on the fiscal resources available to colleges and universities and how these resources are allocated to various academic and administrative functions. Specific attention will be given to the development of institutional budgets, human resource budgets, and capital budgets. Alternative budget methodologies will be examined and compared.

ADMPS 3129 COLLEGE AND UNIVERSITY HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
Focuses on the development of human resource systems that facilitate the conduct of activities in colleges and universities through the effective and efficient utilization of faculty and staff. It will include such topics as human resource strategic planning, position control and monitoring systems, recruitment and selection procedures, evaluation procedures, development and training, incentive systems, salary administration, and fringe benefits administration. Various human resource policies and practices will be explored as to their effect on institutional operations and on the establishment of a quality work environment.

ADMPS 3130 ACADEMIC ADMINISTRATION
Course is concerned with faculty and staff within an academic institution. It focuses on how faculty should be managed in order to achieve optimal organization performance. Specific topics addressed include: organizational theory, institutional goals, faculty and staff responsibilities and workload, research, and academic organization. Special attention is also given to faculty and administrative evaluation and development. Group discussion and case studies are the principal instructional formats utilized.

ADMPS 3131 STUDENT, CAMPUS, AND SOCIETY
A seminar exploring dimensions of socialization in higher education, focusing on current research dealing with the impact of campus environments, collegiate experiences, and family background on achievement, values, self-concepts, and personal goals.

ADMPS 3132 GOVERNANCE IN HIGHER EDUCATION
The purpose of this seminar is the study of governance processes and authority in institutions of higher education. Included are internal governance issues, as well as factors from outside the institutions that influence governance concerns. Interested students may focus on governance issues in the Latin American university.

ADMPS 3134 HIGHER EDUCATION REFORM IN EASTERN EUROPE
A seminar focusing on contemporary problems in the planning and conduct of post-secondary educational reform in post-Marxist Eastern Europe, with a focus on Czechoslovakia and Hungary. The seminar will begin with a brief historical introduction. Followed by a review of case studies and other documents on higher education reform in Eastern Europe. Special attention will be given to an examination of comparative and contrasting policies and issues in higher education reform as they unfold in various countries.

ADMPS 3135 SEMINAR IN COLLEGE TEACHING
Designed for graduate students or professors in the professions and the disciplines who are now or may in the future be engaged in teaching at the college and university level. It is the intent of the course to involve the student in the examination and use of a wide variety of instructional modes and media as well as exposure to the general concepts of teaching. Also examined are evaluation issues in the college setting. Emphasis is placed upon the application of theoretical principles.

ADMPS 3136 COMPARATIVE HIGHER EDUCATION
A seminar focusing on contemporary problems in the planning and conduct of post-secondary education throughout the world. The seminar will begin with a brief historical introduction, followed by a review of case studies and other documents on higher education in the United States and other countries. Special attention will be given to an examination of comparative and contrasting polices and issues in higher education as they unfold in various developing regions and in the United States.

ADMPS 3137 ORGANIZATIONAL DEVELOPMENT AND HIGHER EDUCATION
Objectives are to provide a conceptual framework that characterizes the new approach to organization and professional development, to provide opportunities to utilize current knowledge in dealing with specific problems relating to development, and to explore various approaches to development and how these approaches might be implemented.

ADMPS 3139 LEGAL ASPECTS OF HIGHER EDUCATION
Examines how the law shapes and influences higher education. Attention is given to legal historical bases, authority relationship, questions of liability, employment practices, disciplinary actions, student affairs, the college and the community, the college and the government, and the institution's relationship with accrediting agencies.

ADMPS 3140 PROJECT PLANNING IN HIGHER EDUCATION
Provides the student with skills for the development of a management plan for projects in the field of higher education. The course is application based and emphasizes the use of the PERT planning technique.

ADMPS 3141 POLICY STUDIES IN HIGHER EDUCATION
After broad consideration of key policy issues in higher educationfinance, quality, and accessthis course considers organization theories in relation to theories of governance, decision-making processes in various types of institutions of higher learning, and policy outcomes. While the course focuses on American higher education, international policy perspectives are included.

ADMPS 3142 CURRENT ISSUES IN HIGHER EDUCATION
Seminar provides the opportunity for graduate students in ADMPS to explore current higher education topics in depth with a faculty member. The topics may be chosen by the student and must be amenable to concentrated research and investigation. Topics may be related to the professional work of the student, to a qualifying or comprehensive paper, thesis, or dissertation. The seminar offers an opportunity for students and faculty to examine and evaluate research and development in higher education.

ADMPS 3145 VISION, ORGANIZATIONAL DEVELOPMENT, AND LEADERSHIP
Provides an overview of the role of vision in leadership and organizational development from the perspective of the superintendent as an educational leader. A major promise is asserted that to lead effectively one must have a clear vision of the goal of leadership. A second premise is that the personal vision of a leader must be the starting point for the development of a vision for an organizations (e.g., school). The third premise states that an organization must be comprised of a community of learners if that organization is to reach its maximum potential in serving the needs of its clients.

ADMPS 3146 HUMAN RESOURCES II
The course focuses on leadership related to Pennsylvania School Law collective negotiations and contract management.

ADMPS 3200 EDUCATIONAL POLICY PLANNING: MODELS AND PARADIGMS
Designed to extend knowledge of educational policy, planning, decision-making, and change. Change is conceived as a process of intentionally designing and effecting change in the structure, program, or impact of educational systems and organizations. The different models of educational planning and policy are further clarified by examining the complexities of implementation.

ADMPS 3201 INTRODUCTION TO EDUCATIONAL EVALUATION Cross-listed PSYED 3450
Provides a general overview of evaluation, which is defined as "providing information useful to decision-making." The various purposes of evaluation are identified, and the use of various types of information for each purpose is discussed. The variables that affect the usefulness of information are emphasized. Both evaluation theory and practical experience are utilized to prepare people who will be fulfilling an evaluation function.

ADMPS 3203 PROGRAM DOCUMENTATION IN EDUCATIONAL SYSTEMS
Educational systems experience regular cycles of self-reflection and external critique that lead to rounds of reform and programs of improvement. The central goal of program documentation is the construction of an accessible knowledge base about the implementation of a reform program to enable managers to improve the effort as it occurs and to form the planning of future initiatives in the system. This course will provide administration and evaluation students with opportunities to learn about the rationale and strategies for documentation.

ADMPS 3204 EFFECTIVE SCHOOLS: RESEARCH, POLICY, PRACTICE
Using a case study approach, this course examines the role of research on effective schools and its influence on national and state educational reform policies and practices. The course includes: 1) a review of the basic assumptions, methods, and findings emanating from research on effective schools; and 2) an investigation of how and why this body of research shaped reform and school improvement initiatives at national, state, and local levels.

ADMPS 3205 DECISION-ORIENTED EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH
Considers a form of educational research that is designed to be directly relevant to the current information requirements of those who are setting educational policy or managing educational systems. The course is relevant to those who plan to conduct such research, as well as educational administrators and policy makers who might have such research conducted for them. The student will gain an understanding of the information needs of educational decision makers and how such needs can be met.

ADMPS 3206 PLANNING AND USE OF EVALUATION BY ADMINISTRATORS
The overall purpose of the course is to make administrators, program directors, supervisors, counselors, and other management personnel more aware of the purposes, procedures, and uses of evaluation in local, state, national, and international decision making, and to learn more about the use of information in decision-making contexts. This is a course for people who must be concerned with the use of evaluation information about educational or social action programs.

ADMPS 3207 SECTOR ANALYSIS, PROJECT DESIGN, AND EVALUATION
A reading-discussion seminar that examines selected analytical and technical approaches used by multilateral and bilateral agencies in the design of appropriate policy interventions relating to education in countries around the world. A number of examples of sector studies, projects, and project evaluations, in many of which the instructors have been involved, will be examined and discussed. Visiting lectures will describe their international work that relates to the course topic.

ADMPS 3208 CASE STUDIES IN EDUCATIONAL POLICY
Explains the implementation of policy in educational institutions at all levels. A seminar designed for maximum student participation.

ADMPS 3209 INSTITUTIONAL EVALUATION AND ACCREDITATION
Evaluation of post-secondary and higher institutions; self-study and research; accreditation; surveys of higher education; areas such as faculty, curriculum, students, student personnel services, business operations, and public relations.

ADMPS 3212 THE DYNAMICS OF EDUCATIONAL POLICY
Examines cross cultures and how the political economy affects urban school youth in the United States and the United Kingdom. It focuses on school responses to migrant and immigrant groups who, as recent arrivals to urban schools, face problems in the political economy quite similar to those that 19th-century and early 20th-century groups faced in the United States. The course uses sociological and historical approaches to data collection and data analysis.

ADMPS 3300 PROSEMINAR IN SOCIAL AND COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS
The seminar is offered each term for one credit and should be included for three successive terms in the program of studies of all students specializing in social and comparative analysis. The seminar reviews and critiques students' supervised research. Occasional presentations by faculty are also scheduled.

ADMPS 3301 EDUCATIONAL CHANGE THEORY
Seminar reviews and types theories/explanations of educational change and examines how they are grounded in the sociology of development and social change theory. To this end, the seminar will work with the process of theory building, with constructive typology methods, and with the empirical testing of educational change "theory" via case study analysis of national educational reform attempts in developed and developing countries. Six short reaction papers and a research paper are required.

ADMPS 3302 EDUCATION AND DEVELOPMENT: DEBATES
A graduate-level survey seminar designed to introduce the participants to the broad field of international and development education. It is required by all students newly enrolled in the IDEP specialization and is recommended for non-IDEP students considering further study of educational processes and institutions in the international context.

ADMPS 3309 CRITICAL THEORY AND EDUCATION
Examines the social, ideological, and economic roles schools play in the larger social order. An analysis will be made of how schools assist in the process of capital accumulation and are important agencies for legitimating an unequal social system, and how they contribute to social and economic reproduction. How political and economic power relates to the ways ideology and practice become manifest in the schools will also be emphasized.

ADMPS 3310 SEMINAR IN THE PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION
A seminar dealing with current issues and problems in the philosophy of education.

ADMPS 3311 WAYS OF KNOWING
In this doctoral seminar, students will prepare and present a critical analysis of an epistemological model to be discussed by seminar participants. Emphasis is placed on diverse ways of knowing. The presentation and critiquing of student papers will be conducted in a format comparable to professional academic societies.

ADMPS 3314 SEMINAR IN SCHOOL REFORM
Examines the recurrent phenomenon of school reform in a variety of settings and from a variety of social scientific perspectives. Focus is placed on the analysis of competing explanations of school reform and the investigation of case studies from a variety of countries and time periods and will seek to determine whether reform campaigns are structurally similar and whether a general theory of educational reform is possible.

ADMPS 3315 POST MODERNITY AND EDUCATION
This advanced seminar critically examines important theoretical scholarship related to educational systems behavior. Topics for discussion include: origins and expansion of mass education, the structure of educational organizations, systems of education and systems of thought, the effects of schooling as an institution.

ADMPS 3318 REPRODUCTION THEORIES AND EDUCATION
Examines how the social relations of production correspond to the social relations of schooling. The work of cultural, economic, and social reproduction theorists will be compared and contrasted in order to better understand how reproduction occurs within the school setting.

ADMPS 3320 THE EDUCATIONAL THEORY OF JOHN DEWEY
Introduces John Dewey's philosophy through an analysis of his basic theories of matter, life, experience, language, intelligence, meaning, and "mind"; as well as an examination of his views on communication, values, science, and democracy. His educational theory is examined in light of these ideological assumptions.

ADMPS 3321 EDUCATIONAL WORKERS IN INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVE
Focus is on teachers and administrators in primary, middle, secondary, and post-secondary educational institutions in selected societies in Africa, Asia, Europe, Latin America, the Middle East, and North America. Issues to be addressed include: social characteristics, training, status, labor process, occupational culture, occupational organizations, and political actions.

ADMPS 3341 EVALUATION OF EDUCATIONAL CHANGE PROJECTS
Seminar seeks to inform students about choices available in educational project design and implementation. Framing choices for viewing evaluation as science, politics, and social critique are assessed. Methodological options for quantitative and qualitative approaches are examined. Six case studies of project evaluation carried out in Africa, Asia, South and North America are examined and choices made by the evaluators are critiqued. Six reaction papers are required.

ADMPS 3343 COMPARATIVE EDUCATION
This seminar is designed to introduce participants to the field of comparative education and the issues that currently are the focus of comparative research in education.

ADMPS 3345 ADULT AND NON-FORMAL EDUCATION
Educational activities beyond formal schooling will be examined with special reference to the needs of developing countries. In addition to case studies, a number of conceptual frameworks will be discussed, including those that deal with the role of non-formal education in social and economic change.

ADMPS 3347 INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS IN DEVELOPMENT EDUCATION
A reading-discussion seminar designed to explore the nature of international organizations, how they work, what they do, and their strengths and weaknesses. Concentration will be on UNESCO as the major intergovernmental organization in the field of education, although the education work of the World Bank, UNDP, WHO, ILO, UNICEF, and a variety of non-governmental international organizations will also be discussed.

ADMPS 3350 EDUCATIONAL ISSUES IN AFRICA AND ARAB STATES
The purpose of this course is to develop an understanding of the role of education in economic and social development and change in Africa and the Arab States, both historically and in terms of contemporary issues and problems. Education is interpreted as including various kinds of non-formal education activities as well as the formal education system.

ADMPS 3352 EDUCATION IN ASIA AND THE PACIFIC
The course will be run as a seminar with required weekly readings, forming the basis for seminar discussions. In addition, each student will choose a research topic on which he or she will work during the term and about which he or she will report back to the group from time to time.

ADMPS 8001 SOCIAL FOUNDATIONS OF EDUCATION
The interplay of educational agencies with our political, economic, and social institutions is examined in the search for wider perspectives on the American educational enterprise. Attention is given to such issues as the relationship between culture, education, and social change; the dynamics of education reform; the struggle for equity in education; racism in the schools; new designs for schools by curricular revisionists; women's demands for social and educational equality; and the changing politics of American education.

Health, Physical, and Recreation Education
HPRED 0030 BASKETBALL OFFICIATING
The course in basketball officiating includes: classroom instruction and hands on officiating experiences in the basketball program. Instruction includes: rule knowledge, officiating techniques, methods of scoring, court coverage, and evaluation of performance.

HPRED 0031 FOOTBALL OFFICIATING
The course in football officiating includes: classroom instruction and hands on officiating experiences in the intramural football program. Instruction includes: rule knowledge, officiating techniques, methods of scoring, field coverage, and evaluation of performance.

HPRED 0040 HOLISTIC GOLF
"Holistic" best describes our teaching approach to the golf swing. The motion is continuous rather than segmented into individual components. The learn-to-play segment covers all different types of shots and how shot-making fits into the playing strategy of the course. Part two consists of teaching/coaching techniques on topics such as mental imagery, self- image, and goal setting.

HPRED 0050 SPORTS AND DRUGS
Presents medical and scientific information about the use of drugs in sports. It is especially designed for college athletes but should also be of interest to students preparing for careers in athletic training, coaching, exercise science, health and physical education, physical therapy, and sports medicine.

HPRED 0060 INTRODUCTION TO DANCE
A comprehensive overview of dance as an art form and physical activity, covering the history and philosophy of dance. Dance will be examined as a means of communication and expression and its relationship to other art forms. A particular emphasis will be placed on western dance forms and its multicultural roots.

HPRED 0098 FOUNDATIONS OF INTRAMURAL RECREATION AND SPORT
Understanding the organization and operation of physical activities that provide healthful experiences for students are competencies for teachers of physical education, recreation, and coaches. Course provides opportunities to attain these basic competencies through classroom and clinical leadership experiences.

HPRED 0099 LEADERSHIP INTRAMURAL SPORT
Provides the opportunity to apply the knowledge of scheduling and administering the intramural program on a sport manager's level. Direct supervision is provided by the co-directors of the intramural and recreational program.

HPRED 0462 CREATIVE MOVEMENT
Designed for physical education majors, education majors, and all students with a desire to learn the how and why of teaching dance in an educational program. Through the lectures, the students will cover the educational components of dance, i.e., dance and education, dance for elementary and secondary schools, dance history, and dance resources. In the movement lab, fundamentals of movement, rhythms, and creative movement activities will be covered.

HPRED 0463 DANCE SURVEY
Designed for physical education majors and all students with a desire to learn dance basics and their application in an educational program. The movement lab will introduce the students to the various forms of dance such as modern, jazz, ballet, square dance, and dance fundamentals such as rhythm, rhythmic analysis, alignment, vocabulary, composition, and movement improvisation.

HPRED 0464 INDIVIDUAL SPORTS
An introductory course for prospective teachers of health and physical education. Includes studies and experiences in archery, bowling, golf, and other individual sport activities. Also covers topics such as history, rules, safety, strategies, and methods of training and conditioning.

HPRED 0465 DUAL SPORTS
An introductory course for prospective teachers of health and physical education. Includes studies and experiences in fencing, karate, wrestling, and other dual sport activities. Also covers topics such as history, rules, safety, strategies, and methods of training and conditioning.

HPRED 0468 OUTDOOR PURSUITS
An introductory course for prospective teachers of health and physical education. Includes studies and experiences in backpacking, camping, fishing, rock climbing, and other outdoor adventure activities. Also covers topics such as history, strategies, safety, and methods of training and conditioning.

HPRED 0470 TRACK AND FIELD
An introductory course for prospective teachers of health and physical education. Includes studies and experiences in basic track and field events. Also covers topics such as history, rules, safety, strategies, and methods of training and conditioning.

HPRED 0471 RACQUET SPORTS
An introductory course for prospective teachers of health and physical education. Includes studies and experiences in badminton, tennis, racquetball, and squash. Also covers topics such as history, rules, safety, strategies, and methods of training and conditioning.

HPRED 0472 FUNDAMENTAL MOTOR PATTERN ACTIVITIES
The content of the course includes classroom lecture and videotape analysis of the stages of fundamental motor patterns. The laboratory component of the class includes analysis of children performing fundamental motor patterns and then intervention with activities to improve the process of the pattern.

HPRED 0473 DANCE PEDAGOGY
Designed for physical education majors and all students with a desire to learn the how and why of teaching dance in an educational program. Through the lectures, the students will cover the educational components of dance, i.e., dance in education, dance for elementary and secondary schools, dance history, and dance resources. The movement lab will introduce the students to the fundamentals of movement.

HPRED 0474 TEAM SPORTS 1
An introductory course for prospective teachers of health and physical education. Includes studies and experiences in basketball, field hockey, lacrosse, and soccer. Also covers topics such as history, rules, safety, strategies, and methods of training and conditioning.

HPRED 0475 TEAM SPORTS 2
An introductory course for the prospective teachers of health and physical education. Includes studies and experiences in baseball, softball, touch football, and volleyball. Also covers topics such as history, rules, safety, strategies, and methods of training and conditioning.

HPRED 0476 GYMNASTICS
Skills and exercises are done in the following events: floor exercise, trampoline, pommel horse, rings, horizontal bar, parallel bars, rope climb, tumbling, and mini-trampoline.

HPRED 0481 TRACK COACHING
Provides theory and techniques important to coaching men's and women's track and field. Topics covered include: year-round conditioning program, techniques for each event, film analysis, and equipment needs.

HPRED 0486 BASEBALL COACHING
Provides theory and techniques important to coaching baseball. Topics include: technique evaluation, offensive and defensive strategy, and psychology of coaching.

HPRED 0487 BASKETBALL COACHING
An advanced course in basketball techniques, individual skills, officiating, and scouting designed to further prepare the student for physical education teaching of basketball, intramural basketball programs, and basic coaching techniques for inter-school competition. Specific course content includes: program organization and administration, philosophy and psychology of coaching, conditioning the athlete, defensive strategy, offensive strategy, scouting, and teaching individual skills.

HPRED 0491 GYMNASTICS COACHING
Provides theory and techniques for coaching of men's and women's gymnastics. Examples of topical areas are warm-ups and dance, coaching women's events, coaching men's events, organization and management of meets, judging, psychology of gymnastics coaching, liability and litigation, private gymnastic school programs, purchase and care of equipment and supplies, video and film viewing and analysis, U.S.G.S.A. certification program, flexibility and conditioning, public relations, and publicity.

HPRED 0496 SWIM COACHING
Provides theory and techniques important to coaching swimming. Topics include: skill development, techniques evaluation, year-round fitness development, practice schedule, physical management, and psychological aspects.

HPRED 0497 AQUATIC INSTRUCTOR
An advanced course to develop competence in planning, conducting, and evaluating aquatic education programs. Includes studies and experiences required for American Red Cross certification. Also covers methods of teaching rules, safety, and stroke mechanics, as well as methods of training/conditioning competitive swimmers. A clinical teaching practicum with young children is required.

HPRED 1011 APPLIED HUMAN ANATOMY
A non-laboratory lecture/discussion course in which all body systems are investigated. Primary emphasis is placed on the skeletal, articular, muscular, cardiovascular, and nervous systems. In addition, the basic mechanical principles underlying human movement and an understanding of human structure are used to analyze movement and physical skills.

HPRED 1021 PERSONAL HEALTH
A content-focused course that surveys a broad range of topics relating to personal health with an emphasis on learned/chosen habits, i.e., lifestyle. Accurate, up-to-date information is presented in the hope that students will make better decisions about their health behaviors now and in the future. The course involves some projects that enhance affective and behavioral learning in addition to the cognitive learning of health concepts.

HPRED 1022 FIRST AID AND CPR/SAFETY CONCEPTS
A laboratory lecture/discussion course in which American Red Cross techniques of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and standard first aid and personal safety techniques are presented. These skills are combined with the current methods of management and treatment of emergency illnesses and injuries. All students who meet the American Red Cross standards will receive American Red Cross certification.

HPRED 1031 RESEARCH IN SPORTS SCIENCE
Designed to provide the student with an understanding of the role of measurement and evaluation in the educational process, the ability to select and/or develop and administer appropriate tests, and the ability to use appropriate mathematical and statistical techniques in data analysis. Additionally the student will gain an introduction to the research process as practiced in health, physical education, and sport.

HPRED 1032 SOCIO-CULTURAL ASPECTS OF MOVEMENT
Devoted to examining sport, exercise, and play in culture. We approach the study of movement from historical, psychological, sociological, and philosophical perspectives.

HPRED 1033 HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY
Develops knowledge of the functions of the human body. Covers the major systems (e.g., circulatory, digestive, endocrine, excretory, nervous, reproductive, thermoregulatory). Introduces key concepts for understanding the physiological basis of human performance in sport, dance, and exercise.

HPRED 1041 MOTOR LEARNING
Designed to provide the student who will be involved in professions dealing with instruction and/or research in motor skills with a foundation of motor skill learning and performance theory that can be applied to decisions related to instruction and/or research on motor skills.

HPRED 1042 PHYSIOLOGY OF EXERCISE
A lecture and laboratory class in which the effects of exercise and sport upon body systems will be investigated. Reviews knowledge concerning physiological mechanisms that relate to improvements of physical performance.

HPRED 1043 MOTOR DEVELOPMENT
Acquaints the student with adult/child differences in motor skill development. Topics included are: factors influencing growth and development, physiological changes from infancy through maturity, stages of fundamental differences in skilled learning and performance.

HPRED 1044 BIOMECHANICS
Required course for undergraduate students in athletic training, exercise science, and teacher education. Provides studies to develop knowledge of biomechanical concepts and principles. Includes experiences to develop proficiency in the diagnosis of motor performance errors. Also places emphasis on applications of biomechanics in making curriculum and instruction decisions in physical education programs.

HPRED 1045 DIRECTED RESEARCH PRACTICUM
Students complete a comprehensive review of literature on a movement-related problem and then, under the guidance of a faculty member, design, conduct, and report on an original research project.

HPRED 1211 BASIC ATHLETIC TRAINING
Designed to provide the student with an introduction to the athletic training profession. Topics to include medical terminology, mechanisms of injury, and recognition and treatment of common athletic injuries to major body parts.

HPRED 1212 ATHLETIC TRAINING LAB
An introduction to basic taping techniques and injury evaluation techniques used in the profession of athletic training. Basic supportive strappings and paddings for immediate care and competition are presented as well as basic joint evaluation procedures, massage, and crutch fitting.

HPRED 1221 INJURY EVALUATION AND TREATMENT 1
Includes anatomy, recognition, and commonly accepted techniques and procedures for clinical evaluation of common athletic injuries to the foot, ankle, leg, thigh, hip, and pelvis.

HPRED 1222 INJURY EVALUATION AND TREATMENT 2
Includes anatomy, recognition, and commonly accepted techniques and procedures for clinical evaluation of common athletic injuries to the shoulder, arm, elbow, forearm, wrist, hand, head, face, spinal column, and internal organs.

HPRED 1223 ADMINISTRATIVE ASPECTS OF ATHLETIC TRAINING
Presents current administrative issues in athletic training including training room facility and design, record keeping procedures, personnel management and recruitment, medico-legal considerations, and budgetary principles.

HPRED 1224 ATHLETIC TRAINING PRACTICUM 1
One-year clinical athletic training experience in the athletic training room and sports medicine clinical settings. Specific psychomotor competencies include anatomical landmark identification, adhesive strapping, wrapping, bandaging, transportation and transfer, and equipment fitting.

HPRED 1231 THERAPEUTIC MODALITIES/LAB
Presents the theoretical basis for use of superficial heat and cold, ultrasound, electrical muscle stimulation, tens, and other current modalities. Laboratory experiences are included in the use of these modalities.

HPRED 1232 THERAPEUTIC EXERCISE/LAB
Includes basic components of a comprehensive rehabilitation program and theory and principles associated with the use of special evaluation/therapeutic exercise techniques. Laboratory experiences include practical use of manual testing techniques, goniometry, and the application of selected types of manual exercises.

HPRED 1233 STRENGTH CONDITIONING
Instruction is provided describing the physiological basis for development of pre-season, in-season and off-season strength and conditioning programs. Laboratory experiences will include the theory and technique of operating contemporary isotonic, isokinetic, and isometric strength training equipment.

HPRED 1234 ORTHOPEDIC PROBLEMS
Includes common orthopedic problems encountered by the athletic trainer and orthopedic surgeon. Students are exposed to commonly used techniques of primary and reconstructive surgery through lecture, operating room, clinic, and orthopedic rounds experiences.

HPRED 1235 ATHLETIC TRAINING PRACTICUM 2
One-year clinical athletic training experience in the athletic training room and sports medicine clinic settings. Specific psychomotor competencies include manual muscle testing, goniometry, application of massage, traction, EMS tens, heat, cold, ultrasound, diathermy and shoulder, lumbar spine, head, and neck.

HPRED 1241 FIELD EXPERIENCE 1
One-term clinical athletic training experience with a certified athletic trainer in a local high school. Responsibilities include prevention, care, and rehabilitation of athletic injuries.

HPRED 1242 FIELD EXPERIENCE 2
One-term clinical athletic training experience in a physical therapy/athletic training based sports medicine clinic. Experiences include exposure to a wide range of rehabilitation for orthopedic problems sustained by competitive and recreational athletes.

HPRED 1431 DRUGS AND ALCOHOL IN SOCIETY
Provides a broad overview of drug and alcohol usage in America. Topics covered include: substance use and abuse pharmacology, prescription and over-the-counter drugs, drunk driving, at-risk populations, athletes, and sexuality. The role of social support, personal responsibility, decision making, assertiveness, and self-esteem as prevention strategies is examined.

HPRED 1432 COMMUNITY HEALTH
Explores the role of the community in providing a healthy living environment. Topics include environmental protection, effects of cultural and social patterns on health, world health concerns, and health agencies.

HPRED 1433 INTRODUCTION TO TEACHING H&PE
For prospective teachers of health and physical education. Introduces students to the professional roles and responsibilities of teachers. Includes basic studies of curriculum, instruction, and evaluation. Provides opportunities to observe experienced master teachers at cooperating school sites, practice basic teaching skills in a micro- teaching laboratory, and investigate various socio-cultural forces that affect curricular decision making. Also covers persistent issues/problems in school health and physical education.

HPRED 1482 MOVEMENT EDUCATION
The elementary education major will: apply general motor development research to teaching movement to young children, be able to recognize general errors in movement, use movement as a means to educating the total child, and plan and teach developmentally appropriate lessons to young children.

HPRED 1490 HEALTH AND PHYSICAL EDUCATION IN THE ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS
Topics include the importance of elementary school physical education, developmental sequences of motor skills, developmentally appropriate activities, and the development of physical fitness.

HPRED 1995 SPECIAL TOPICS
A flexible curriculum oriented to special research topics of interest to faculty or current issues of concern to educators. Focused on areas within either developmental movement and sport studies or exercise physiology.

HPRED 1996 CLINICAL INTERNSHIP
Supervised clinical experience for the BS degree student. The student is placed in a clinical setting appropriate to his/her degree interests and career goals and must complete a minimum of 25 hours of clinical work per credit hour. Supervision is provided by both a cooperating clinical supervisor and the university clinical adviser.

HPRED 1997 INDEPENDENT STUDY
The student registers for this when he/she must maintain active registration and needs to extend work on an uncompleted task or project from a previous term or when preparing for special examinations.

HPRED 1998 DIRECTED STUDY
The student proposes and carries out an independent study project under the direction and supervision of an appropriate member of the faculty.

HPRED 2000 ADAPTED PHYSICAL EDUCATION
Develops a general knowledge base of teaching methods, IEPs, curriculum development, laws and legislation, and types of handicapping conditions of special population children serviced in adapted physical education programs and those mainstreamed into the public school.

HPRED 2001 ADAPTED PHYSICAL EDUCATION PRACTICUM
Through clinical experiences, the physical education student will gain experience in teaching adapted physical education.

HPRED 2010 ELEMENTARY PHYSICAL EDUCATION
Through class discussion, lectures, and homework, the physical education student will apply motor development research to teaching motor skills to young children. Major emphasis of this class is hierarchical analysis of motor skills with application to lesson planning.

HPRED 2011 ELEMENTARY PHYSICAL EDUCATION PRACTICUM
Through clinical experiences, the physical education student will gain experience in teaching elementary physical education.

HPRED 2020 SECONDARY PHYSICAL EDUCATION
Required course in the professional year sequence for prospective teachers of health and physical education. Includes: studies of curriculum, instruction, and evaluation methods for teaching physical education in grades 7-12. Provides opportunities to develop lessons and units that accommodate individual differences and promote mastery learning. Explores alternative curriculum designs for sport, dance, and exercise programs at the secondary-school level. Students are also required to participate in micro-teaching labs.

HPRED 2021 SECONDARY PHYSICAL EDUCATION PRACTICUM
Through clinical experiences, the physical education student will gain experience in teaching secondary physical education.

HPRED 2030 SCHOOL HEALTH EDUCATION
Required in the Professional Year sequence for prospective teachers of health and physical education. Covers curriculum, instruction, and evaluation methods for teaching health education in grades K-12. Students develop lesson/unit plans based on theories of attitude formation, behavior change, and knowledge acquisition. Special emphasis is placed on the use of heuristic teaching styles. Along with the course, students are required to participate in micro-teaching and clinical experiences.

HPRED 2031 SCHOOL HEALTH EDUCATION PRACTICUM
Through clinical experiences, the student will gain experience in teaching health education at the elementary and secondary levels.

HPRED 2080 INTERNSHIP IN ELEMENTARY H&PE
The student spends the term teaching elementary and health and physical education in the schools under the direction of a mentor teacher.

HPRED 2081 INTERNSHIP IN SECONDARY H&PE
The student spends the term teaching secondary health and physical education in the schools under the direction of a mentor teacher.

HPRED 2097 PROFESSIONAL SEMINAR
Taken along with student teaching, this course provides opportunities to discuss and resolve pedagogical problems encountered at cooperating field sites. In addition it covers topics of special interest to beginning teachers such as certification testing, induction programs, job hunting, professional associations, and teachers' unions.

HPRED 2098 STUDENT TEACHING
Student is involved in teaching in the schools. Time is divided between elementary and secondary levels and health and physical education content.

HPRED 2176 GRADED EXERCISE TESTING
Course is intended to provide practical experiences that will aid the advanced graduate student in developing technical laboratory skills associated with the administration of graded exercise tests and evaluating and interpreting clinical data and exercise test results for the formulation of an exercise prescription.

HPRED 2267 ORTHOPEDIC ASSESSMENT/TREATMENT OF ATHLETIC INJURY
Provides advanced knowledge in the assessment of athletic injuries. Additionally, treatment and rehabilitation techniques for specific injuries will be provided. Finally, techniques will be presented to fundamentally assess the athlete's readiness to return to participation.

HPRED 2268 SEMINAR IN SPORTS MEDICINE
Provides advanced knowledge regarding technical, legal/ethical, and research advances in sports medicine. Presentations will be provided by a variety of experts in the field, focusing on technical development and critical review of current literature.

HPRED 2269 ANATOMICAL BASIS OF SPORTS MEDICINE
Includes dissection of human cadavers, emphasizing the musculoskeletal system. The role of anatomy will be related to athletic injury mechanism, evaluation, treatment, and rehabilitation.

HPRED 2320 STRESS MANAGEMENT
Instruction and coaching is provided to teach students to manage the harmful/negative effects of stress and to respond more effectively in stressful situations. Of value throughout life, these skills can offset the damaging consequences of chronic excessive stress as well as promote health, productivity, performance and quality of life. Through lectures, discussions, movies, tapes, and guided practice, students will become informed about stress and the theory, practice, and application of generic skills for self-regulation.

HPRED 2321 LIFESTYLES AND HEALTH
Focus is the identification of behavioral and environmental factors that influence health and the effective management of lifestyle changes to promote and maintain optimal health. Five factors are studied in-depth: nutrition, physical activity, weight control, stress, and chemical abuse, including alcohol and smoking. A variety of projects provide a broader perspective for these topics as well as an opportunity for in-depth specialization by the student.

HPRED 2322 COMPREHENSIVE HEALTH EDUCATION FOR TOMORROW
Focuses on the roles of schools in responding to the health needs of children in collaboration with the family and community. Examines how schools and communities compliment and support health and social services needed to overcome the conditions that put a young person at educational risk.

HPRED 2323 MENTAL HEALTH EDUCATION
Focuses on curricula, school-based programs, and services that address the mental health needs of children and adolescents. It examines the mental health needs and problems of school-aged children, as well as the underlying assumptions, goals, development, implementation, and evaluation of mental health programs and education in schools. In order for the students of this class to get first-hand experience of mental health education, some class sessions are held on site at schools.

HPRED 2370 MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS
Provides an opportunity to examine the scientific base that supports the exercise and training theories and practices associated with health maintenance, and prevention of sport injury. Additionally, the influence of nutritional, ergogenic aids, and various sport environments on performance capacity is studied.

HPRED 2371 ADVANCED EXERCISE PHYSIOLOGY
Theory and laboratory experiences relating to the mechanisms by which the body adapts physiologically to selected conditions of muscular performance within the context of (1) physical education and sport, (2) work environments, and (3) disease prevention and rehabilitation. Laboratories emphasize metabolic (aerobic and anaerobic), cardio-respiratory, perceptual, biochemical, and body composition measurement.

HPRED 2372 ADVANCED EXERCISE PHYSIOLOGY LAB
The experiment for each laboratory session will be based on the concepts presented in the weekly lectures. The laboratory experiments will focus on (1) circulatory and respiratory response to exercise, (2) respiratory metabolic measurement, (3) identification of the lacatate and ventilatory thresholds, (4) assessment of maximal oxygen uptake, (5) energy cost of physical activity, (6) assessment of perceived exertion, and (7) assessment of body composition. A laboratory notebook is required.

HPRED 2373 EXERCISE SPECIALIST WORKSHOP
Examines exercise therapy for the cardiac patient and individuals with CHD risk factors. Topics include functional capacity assessment (central and peripheral adaptations, graded exercise testing, electro-cardiography), exercise prescription (dosage, format, energy cost, case studies), exercise supervision (phase 1, 2 and 3, practical leadership experiences, emergency procedures, nutritional counseling, psychological considerations), and factors that influence the exercise responses.

HPRED 2374 EXERCISE TESTING, PRESCRIPTION, AND SUPERVISION
An introductory lecture/laboratory course in cardiac rehabilitation. Topics presented include: the pathophysiology and epidemiology of coronary artery disease, coronary anatomy, basic and advanced electrocardiography, principles of graded exercise testing, exercise prescription and supervision, nuclear diagnostic techniques, current considerations in pharmacological treatment of coronary artery disease, and cardiac rehabilitation in a clinical setting

HPRED 2375 RESEARCH AND EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN IN EXERCISE PHYSIOLOGY
Focuses on the development of experimental design and methodologies in exercise physiology research. The designs are explored within the context of ergogenic aids, training strategies, selected disease states, temperature regulation, isokinetic strength, and energy metabolism.

HPRED 2378 GRADED EXERCISE TESTING
Intended to provide practical experiences that will aid the advanced graduate student in:
(1) developing technical laboratory skills associated with the administration of graded exercise tests and (2) evaluating and interpreting clinical data and exercise test results for the formulation of an exercise prescription.

HPRED 2379 EXERCISE LEADERSHIP
Presents master's-level theory and practice of supervising exercise for the high-coronary-risk adult and the coronary patient. Emphasis is given to the interpretation and implementation of an individual exercise prescription.

HPRED 2381 MANAGING SPORT AND EXERCISE PROGRAMS
Provides an opportunity to apply the concepts of organizational development and principles of management to the simulation of a sport and/or exercise enterprise. The student will experience the development and integration of organizational purpose, goals and objectives, analysis and development of organizational structure and communication, fiscal management, facilities management, and strategic planning and managerial decision making.

HPRED 2390 NUTRITION IN SPORT AND EXERCISE
A lecture and laboratory class in which the principles of nutrition are applied to sports performance and exercise. Topics presented include energy release and substrate utilization, energy metabolism during exercise, fluid intake and athletic performance, body composition, ergogenic aids, vitamins and minerals, the pre-game meal, sports anemia, nutritional considerations for the diabetic individual, lipid metabolism, and coronary heart disease.

HPRED 2395 EXERCISE AND AGING
The main focus of the course includes the demographics of aging; the biological, social, and psychological aspects of aging; the physiology of aging; disease/disuse; functional assessment; physiological assessment; exercise prescription; and exercise training and programming for the geriatric patient.

HPRED 2401 SPORT PSYCHOLOGY
Examines psychological factors influencing the experience of sport, play, games, and movement. Topics covered include theoretical basis of play, competition, motivation, group dynamics, leadership personality, and social facilitation.

HPRED 2402 MOTOR LEARNING
Theoretical and research methodologies covering the learning and performance of motor skills are emphasized in this course. Through individual research projects and class labs, the student will synthesize theoretical and empirical research and make application to teaching and coaching motor skills.

HPRED 2403 PSYCHOMOTOR DEVELOPMENT
Covers factors that influence children's motor skill performance. Students develop a research project on some aspect of motor skill development. Topics include: factors that influence motor performance, growth and maturation, physiological development, fundamental motor pattern development, and information processing in motor skill acquisition.

HPRED 2404 SPORT PEDAGOGY
Introductory graduate course for students interested in the paradigms, methods, and findings of research on teaching within the context of sport and physical education. Includes practical experiences in the scientific analysis of coaching behavior.

HPRED 2410 COMPUTERS IN HPRED RESEARCH
A general knowledge of computer hardware/software and its use in physical education research is the major focus of this class. Software packages are examined for word processing and statistical analysis. An introduction to basic programming is given.

HPRED 2413 CURRICULUM DESIGN FOR PHYSICAL EDUCATION
Graduate workshop for experienced teachers who wish to study innovative curriculum models in physical education. Provides opportunities to discuss theoretical and practical issues and design developmentally appropriate sport, dance, and exercise programs for children and youth.

HPRED 2414 MODELS OF TEACHING
Basic graduate course on alternative models of teaching different subjects, grade levels, and learner populations; includes opportunities to observe, analyze, and practice selected models in classroom settings.

HPRED 2420 CHILD IN SPORT
An in-depth and critical look at youth sport in America and its effect on the developing child. The interdisciplinary focus draws from the social, behavioral, and biological sciences to provide information for evaluation.

HPRED 2421 COACHING YOUTH SPORT
Graduate workshop for experienced youth sport coaches who work in school and community settings. Introduces generic theories and methods of coaching that can be applied across many sport disciplines. Provides opportunities to study how coaching behavior affects the total development of children and adolescents.

HPRED 2430 PSYCHOMOTOR TESTING
The course is divided into two sections. The first part covers theoretical concepts of measurement and evaluation. The second phase reviews all currently published standardized tests that deal with the psychomotor, affective, cognitive, and fitness domains.

HPRED 2431 MOVEMENT EDUCATION
A theoretical rationale for movement education is implemented by observation and teaching of developmentally appropriate physical education to young children. Current movement education curriculums are reviewed.

HPRED 2440 MECHANISMS OF NEUROMOTOR CONTROL
Provides the student background knowledge of the research and current theory on motor control. Topics include the concept of motor control; peripheral, central, and combined control of skilled actions and box models; and theories of control.

HPRED 2460 ANTHROPOLOGY OF SPORT AND PLAY
Examines the role of play and sport cross culturally. We examine how play interacts with other cultural institutions such as business, politics, education, family, and the media.

HPRED 2461 SPORT SOCIOLOGY
Examines the role of play, games and sport in society and explores how sport as an institution interacts with other institutions such as business, politics, education, family, and media.

HPRED 2462 GENDER IN SPORT
Explores women and sport from psychological, sociological, theoretical, and philosophical
perspectives.

HPRED 2463 PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF MOVEMENT
An analysis of basic philosophical positions regarding the purpose of sport and physical education. Surveys contemporary views of philosophers, theologians, historians, educators, athletes, and coaches concerning real and imagined contributions of sport to human development and the educational process. Issues related to the conduct of educational sport and academic programs of physical education are discussed in light of personal philosophical positions and available empirical data.

HPRED 2470 THERAPEUTIC AND SPORT MASSAGE
Discusses effects of massage, anatomy and physiology, pathology of disease as it relates to the use of massage as a therapeutic tool, contraindications, exercise, and joint mobilization. Course content includes the physiological and psychological trigger point therapy. Students learn massage techniques of effleurage, pertrissage, friction, vibration, tapotement, and compression.

HPRED 2913 EXERCISE AND SPORT SCIENCE 1
Integrates the areas of developmental movement and sport studies and exercise physiology. Research from both areas is integrated to look at the "total person". Application of research is applied to the profession of physical education both in the public schools and at the university level.

HPRED 2990 RESEARCH SEMINAR IN HPRED
Required of all non-thesis master's degree candidates and includes the development and presentation of an original research paper. The student works in cooperation with a graduate adviser in their area of content specialization. The nature of acceptable projects includes the following: data based research; expanded literature review; development of software and/or hardware, development of instructional materials (i.e., video tapes, slide series, films, etc.); journal article.

HPRED 2992 TEACHING LABORATORY
Through laboratory teaching, the physical education student will gain experience in teaching school health education and secondary physical education. The student teaches in the elementary schools and the special Kinder Kinetics program.

HPRED 2995 SPECIAL TOPICS
A flexible curriculum oriented to special research topics of interest to faculty or current issues of concern to educators. Focused on areas within either developmental movement and sport studies or exercise physiology.

HPRED 2996 CLINICAL INTERNSHIP
Supervised clinical experience for the master's degree student. The student is placed in a clinical setting appropriate to his/her degree interests and career goals and must complete a minimum of 25 hours of clinical work per credit hour. Supervision is provided by the co-operating clinical supervisor and the university clinical adviser.

HPRED 2997 INDEPENDENT STUDY
The student registers for this when the student must maintain active registration and needs to extend work on an uncompleted task or project from a previous term or when preparing for special examinations.

HPRED 2998 DIRECTED STUDY
The student proposes and carries out a project under the direction and supervision of an appropriate member of the faculty.

HPRED 2999 MASTER'S THESIS RESEARCH
The student prepares a proposal for an original research project, has that project approved by an appropriate faculty thesis committee, completes proposed project, and defends the completed report in a thesis final oral examination.

HPRED 3113 EXERCISE AND SPORT SCIENCE 2
A doctoral seminar that examines in depth the theoretical issues in exercise and sport performance. An interdisciplinary approach is used to identify similarities and differences in research topics within the program.

HPRED 3320 TENSION CONTROL
Focuses on the original contributions of Edmund Jacobson to the theory and practice of progressive relaxation. The technique has been modified to speed mastery with misrepresentation or loss of certain elements. However, striated muscle relaxation is a major component of generalized relaxation training. The role of progressive relaxation in a multimodal approach to prevention and treatment of stress related disorders will be addressed.

HPRED 3371 SELECTED TOPICS IN EXERCISE PHYSIOLOGY
Seminar in exercise physiology research including: cardiac exercise rehabilitation, aerobic and anaerobic performance limitations, exertional perception, ergogenic aids, exercise conditioning, exercise and selected clinical states, and current trends in experimental design.

HPRED 3374 ADVANCED LAB TECHNIQUES
Provides a framework that aids the advanced graduate student in acquiring knowledge and technical laboratory skills pertinent to exercise physiology research. Content includes: cardiac output, maximal oxygen uptake, isokinetic exercise testing, hydrostatic weighing, techniques for assessing core and skin temperature and plasma volume changes, combined arm and leg exercise, and water immersion exercise.

HPRED 3375 PERCEIVED EXERTION
Seminar intended for advanced doctoral students with an academic specialization in exercise physiology. Examines both the theoretical and applied knowledge base underlying the perception of physical exertion. Specific attention is given to: (1) physiological factors that mediate the intensity of exertional perceptions and (2) the application of perceived exertion in sport and clinical settings.

HPRED 3377 CARDIOVASCULAR CASE STUDIES
Integrates selected elements of the knowledge base in the areas of exercise science, graded exercise testing electrocardiography, pharmacology, and exercise prescripting in order to develop an effective and realistic therapeutic plan for individuals who have coronary disease or are at risk for its development. The principal learning experiences for the course will center on the development, interpretation, and presentation of cardiovascular case studies for intervention.

HPRED 3378 SKELETAL MUSCULAR BIOCHEMICAL EXERCISE
Advanced graduate seminar designed to examine the biochemical properties and mechanisms in exercising skeletal muscle. Specific topic areas include control of gene expression and protein synthesis, contraction and its energetics, exercise induced fatigue, adaptation to training, and the influence of human environmental factors on the adaptive process.

HPRED 3379 EXERCISE LEADERSHIP
Presents doctoral-level practice of supervision of exercise for the high-coronary-risk adult and the coronary patient. Emphasis is given to the interpretation and implementation of an individualized exercise prescription.

HPRED 3400 ADVANCED RESEARCH METHODS IN MOVEMENT SCIENCE
Reviews basic statistics and their extension into multivariate techniques with application to physical performance data. Topics covered include: identification of frequently occurring problems in a physical performance data with suggested solutions, methodological issues of importance in physical performance research, and use of meta-analysis.

HPRED 3401 SEMINAR IN SPORTS STUDIES
Compares and contrasts the research questions, methods, and findings of the various social sciences regarding sport and human movement. An attempt is made to determine some common ground questions in regards to play, games, and sport using the disciplines of psychology, sociology anthropology, and philosophy.

HPRED 3402 SEMINAR IN MOTOR LEARNING
Designed for students to develop a knowledge base of human information processing in relation to motor skills.

HPRED 3403 SEMINAR IN MOTOR DEVELOPMENT
A doctoral-level seminar that addresses theoretical issues in research on memory development and children's motor performance.

HPRED 3404 COLLEGE TEACHING PRACTICUM
Provides the PhD student with the opportunity to teach an undergraduate specialization course in this area of expertise while exploring appropriate teaching methodology and theory.

HPRED 3440 SEMINAR IN MOTOR CONTROL
Designed to provide the student background knowledge of the research and current theory in the control and neurophysiological components of movement. Topics include peripheral, central and combined control of skilled actions; postural mechanisms important in voluntary movement; and motor impairments and their relationship to control of skilled movement.

HPRED 3441 INSTRUCTIONAL PSYCHOLOGY OF MOTOR SKILLS
Designed to provide the student who is involved in a profession dealing with instruction and/or research in motor skills a foundation of skill learning and performance theory. The course content includes models, theories, and empirical research of the psychological factors influencing motor skill acquisition.

HPRED 3442 DEVELOPMENTAL SKILL ACQUISITION
Develops a theoretical knowledge of a bio-mechanical analysis of fundamental patterns. Application to sport is addressed. Research on development of fundamental motor patterns and factors that influence the development of fundamental motor patterns are conducted in the class.

HPRED 3461 PLAY AND SPORT
Designed as an interdisciplinary experience in the exploration of play and sport. Play is approached from a variety of disciplines; psychology, motor development, anthropology, cultural studies, sociology, and philosophy.

HPRED 3995 SPECIAL TOPICS
A flexible curriculum oriented to special research topics of interest to faculty or current issues of concern to educators. Focused on areas within either developmental movement and sport studies or exercise physiology.

HPRED 3996 CLINICAL INTERNSHIP
Supervised clinical experience for PhD student. The student is placed in a clinical setting appropriate to his/her degree interests and career goals and must complete a minimum of 25 hours of clinical work per credit hour. Supervision is provided by both a co-operating clinical supervisor and the university clinical adviser.

HPRED 3997 INDEPENDENT STUDY
The student registers for this when he/she must maintain active registration and needs to extend work on an uncompleted task or project from a previous term or when preparing for special examinations.

HPRED 3998 DIRECTED STUDY
The student proposes and carries out a project under the direction and supervision of an appropriate member of the faculty.

HPRED 3999 DOCTORAL DISSERTATION RESEARCH
The student prepares a proposal for a detailed research study, has that proposal approved by an appropriate faculty dissertation committee, completes the proposed study, and defends the completed draft in a dissertation final oral examination.

Instruction and Learning
I&L 0210 COLLEGE READING AND STUDY SKILLS
Designed to provide assistance for students in achieving academic success. Course content includes self-management, vocabulary development, reading comprehension, study strategies, and preparation for examinations.

I&L 1000 INTRODUCTION TO ELEMENTARY TEACHING
This introduction to teaching in the elementary school addresses both historical and contemporary perspectives, provides a basic introduction to instructional planning, curriculum, and management. Classroom observations and/or individual tutoring experiences with elementary and middle school students are part of course requirements.

I&L 1041 INTRODUCTION TO EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION
A general introduction to the theoretical, political, economic, and social issues that are inherent in the conduct and development of services for young children. The primary thrust is intended to provide students with both an overview of current issues and a basis for assessment.

I&L 1043 EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION INTEGRATIVE SEMINAR
For early childhood majors during student teaching term. Examines philosophy, program evaluation, child progress, roles of cooperating teacher and teacher candidate. Simulates parent conferences and employment interviews, review advocacy, special needs learner, team membership, and teacher empowerment.

I&L 1045 EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION SOCIAL ISSUES/AGENCIES
Prospective early childhood education teachers will identify, investigate, and assess impacts of a variety of social agencies, organizations, and current issues in early childhood education through planned interviews as well as class lectures, discussions, and reports.

I&L 1048 SPECIAL TOPICS TEACHER EDUCATION
A flexible curriculum oriented to special research topics of interest to faculty and students or to current practice and policy issues of concern to teachers and teacher educators.

I&L 1070 PROFESSIONAL ISSUES IN ELEMENTARY EDUCATION
Examines local, national, and international issues in elementary education. Topics include curriculum censorship, professionalism, job opportunities, and teaching in multicultural settings.

I&L 1071 CURRENT ISSUES IN EDUCATION
Students analyze educational reform movements, the school environment, and instructional research findings as related to classroom strategies and the development of a professional identity.

I&L 1230 INTRODUCTION TO ENGLISH EDUCATION
Designed to introduce students to basic issues in the teaching of writing, literature, and language with special emphasis on class discussions and portfolio assignments.

I&L 1252 INTRODUCTION TO FOREIGN LANGUAGE EDUCATION
A basic introductory course dealing with the most current issues in foreign language education in elementary, middle, and secondary schools.

I&L 1253 THEORETICAL APPROACH TO FOREIGN LANGUAGE
Presents a survey of the major 20th-century development in foreign language education.

I&L 1260 INTRODUCTION TO SOCIAL STUDIES EDUCATION
A basic introductory course; primary focus is upon secondary schools as institutions in contemporary society and the role of social studies programs and teachers within this context.

I&L 1270 INTEGRATING ART AND MUSIC INTO THE ELEMENTARY CLASSROOM
To introduce preservice classroom teachers to art and music contents and processes with relevance to their expected role in integrating authentic arts learning experiences in their instruction. Emphasis is placed on developmental aspects of children's responsive and expressive skills in art and music.

I&L 1348 SPECIAL TOPICS - INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN
A flexible curriculum oriented to special topics of interest to faculty or current issues of concern to educators. Focused on areas within programs.

I&L 1430 INTRODUCTION TO SCIENCE EDUCATION
The nature of science and education are combined and used as a basis for examining issues related to science education. Current crisis and past practices are examined to isolate social, political, and fiscal variables impacting the current and future directions of science and technology education.

I&L 1473 MATHEMATICS FOR ELEMENTARY TEACHERS
Students will improve their mathematics knowledge and skills in numeration systems, integers, rationals, geometry, probability/statistics, and other selected topics.

I&L 1479 INTRODUCTION TO MATHEMATICS EDUCATION
Basic orientation in the field of mathematics education; major topics include professional organizations, slow-gifted learners, curriculum, problem solving, and technology.

I&L 1497 INDEPENDENT STUDY MATHEMATICS AND SCIENCE EDUCATION
Registration for independent study when the student must maintain active registration and needs to extend work on an uncompleted task or project from a previous term or when preparing for special examinations.

I&L 1498 DIRECTED STUDY IN MATHEMATICS AND SCIENCE EDUCATION
The student proposes and carries out a study project under the direction and supervision of an appropriate member of the faculty.

I&L 1543 BRAILLE
Reviews research and literature on systems for reading and writing Braille. Emphasizes proficiency in reading and writing grades in Braille, as well as teaching pre-Braille and Braille readiness to individuals who are visually disabled.

I&L 1553 SIGN LANGUAGE 3
Designed to provide intermediate-level proficiency in American Sign Language and signed English, and the ability to converse with deaf people.

I&L 1554 SIGN LANGUAGE 4
Designed to provide advanced-level proficiency in American Sign Language and signed English, and the ability to converse with deaf people.

I&L 1557 SIGN LANGUAGE 1
Designed to develop vocabulary and receptive and expressive skills in American Sign Language and signed English.

I&L 1558 SIGN LANGUAGE 2
Designed to develop vocabulary and receptive and expressive skills in American Sign Language and signed English.

I&L 1580 FOUNDATIONS OF SPECIAL EDUCATION
Course provides an overview of the field of special education. It includes such topics as 1) identification, 2) placement, 3) programming, 4) inclusion, 5) advocacy, and other topics relating to individuals with disabilities, and gifted and talented individuals. The course examines the various philosophical views of exceptionality.

I&L 1700 EARLY FIELD EXPERIENCE - ELEMENTARY EDUCATION
Introductory field experience for undergraduate students who plan to enter the teaching profession. Offers opportunities to observe young children and assist master teachers in elementary school classrooms and early childhood education centers.

I&L 1701 EARLY FIELD EXPERIENCE - SECONDARY EDUCATION
Introductory field experience for undergraduate students who plan to enter the teaching profession. Offers opportunities to observe adolescent learners in secondary school classrooms and assist master teachers in various subject areas.

I&L 1710 LITERACY IN CONTEXT
The student literacy corps program provides six hours of individualized tutoring assistance to school students. During the weekly seminar, students learn tutoring strategies and explore the social, political, and economic relevance to literacy.

I&L 1746 TEACHING LAB - MATHEMATICS
Students learn the art of lesson presentation. Students may satisfy this requirement by working with the learning skills center where they may tutor or teach algebra or trigonometry.

I&L 1901 NATURE OF THE YOUNG CHILD
Focuses on the nature of the child so as to enable the student to develop an informed philosophical framework with which to make educational considerations about the role of the teacher. Students will read from a variety of sources to establish a knowledge base with regard to the young child. Practical guided activities will enable students to develop the basis for subsequent work in theoretical and practical venues with regard to the young child, the development of self-esteem, the role of play in development, the teacher's observational skills and teaching philosophy.

I&L 1948 SPECIAL TOPICS - TEACHER DEVELOPMENT
A flexible curriculum oriented to special research topics of interest to faculty or to current issues of concern to educators. Focused on areas within programs.

I&L 2000 INTRODUCTION TO ELEMENTARY TEACHING
An introduction to teaching in the elementary school. Addresses both historical and contemporary perspectives. Provides a basic introduction to instructional planning, curriculum, and management. Classroom observations and individual tutoring experiences with elementary and middle school students are part of course requirements.

I&L 2001 INTEGRATED TEACHING METHODS IN THE ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS
Course will assist the beginning teacher in developing a basic repertoire of effective teaching practices for the elementary school classroom. The practices to be learned reflect 25 years of research in elementary classrooms, the collective wisdom of experienced professional educators, and the challenges and opportunities associated with transforming American schools from factory era institutions to information age learning communities.

I&L 2018 STUDY IN PERSONALIZED TEACHING
Designed to enable students who are contemplating a career in teaching to participate in a variety of classroom activities with children. The student spends the semester working under the supervision of a master teacher and conducting an analysis of his/her experience.

I&L 2019 ADVANCED STUDY - PERSONALIZED TEACHING
Designed to enable students who have decided upon a career in teaching to participate in a variety of classroom activities with children. The student spends a semester working under the supervision of a master teacher and conducts an analysis of his/her experiences.

I&L 2020 LITERACY CONFERENCE
Provides an opportunity to meet with other professionals from diverse areas of literacy. Each year a different general topic is explained. Current issues will be addressed through feature speakers, panels, workshops, and seminars.

I&L 2048 SPECIAL TOPICS - TEACHER EDUCATION
A flexible curriculum oriented to special research topics of interest to faculty and students or to current practice and policy issues of concern to teachers and teacher educators.

I&L 2050 COMPUTER APPLICATIONS IN EDUCATION
Designed for the novice user of microcomputer applications for teaching and learning. Teacher education laboratory provides hands-on experiences for improving student motivation and elementary and secondary teaching with multimedia and hypermedia courseware and software. Explicit examples used in class activity, presentations, and cooperative learning tasks are in support of elementary (cohort group)and secondary (English, foreign language, reading and language arts, social studies, mathematics, and science) MAT programs within the department.

I&L 2070 PROFESSIONAL ISSUES IN ELEMENTARY EDUCATION
Examines local, national, and international issues in elementary education. Topics include curriculum censorship, professionalism, job opportunities, and teaching in multicultural settings.

I&L 2071 CURRENT ISSUES IN EDUCATION
Students analyze educational reform movements, the school environment, and instructional research findings as related to classroom strategies and the development of a professional identity.

I&L 2206 READING IN ELEMENTARY/MIDDLE SCHOOLS
Designed to acquaint students with knowledge and skills that are required to teach reading in elementary and middle schools. Areas of concentration will include comprehension, language, emergent literacy, word identification, vocabulary, assessment, and instruction.

I&L 2207 READING AND WRITING IN CONTENT CURRICULUM
Reading and writing skills for effective work in secondary school subjects. Examines student achievement differences and literacy problems. Offers techniques for developing vocabulary, comprehension, and skills in thinking, content writing, and study.

I&L 2210 LANGUAGE AND THE READING PROCESS
Examines current reading instruction processes in relation to language processes. Theories of language learning and reading learning are examined and related to current issues such as state policies and educational mandates. Language and reading models are developed in class.

I&L 2212 METHODS AND MATERIALS IN READING
Methods and materials that prepare teachers/specialists to teach beginning reading, word identification, vocabulary, comprehension, study methods, and recreational reading Classroom management of reading, informal assessment, and evaluation of reading materials are also addressed.

I&L 2213 DIAGNOSING OF READING DIFFICULTIES
Focus on diagnostic principles and procedures used in the teaching of reading, K-adult. Includes an analysis of informal and formal assessment tools. Emphases are on helping students understand the importance of diagnosis in planning instruction and diagnosis as a process rather than a product.

I&L 2214 INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGIES IN READING
Course focuses on developing understanding of instructional strategies that can be used with students experiencing difficulties with reading/language process. Various roles of specialists will be described and discussed.

I&L 2215 APPLIED PRINCIPLES OF REMEDIATION
In schools or clinical sites, students use knowledge and skills gained in earlier experiences to diagnose reading difficulties of several pupils at varied levels, to develop and implement a thorough program of individualized remedial instruction, and to evaluate that program.

I&L 2220 READING IN CONTENT AREAS
Addresses methods and materials for assisting students as they read, study, and learn in content classrooms. Emphasis on functional approaches that facilitate learning of both content and process across the curriculum. Also implications of current research findings for content area instruction are examined.

I&L 2221 INTRODUCTION TO ADULT READING AND WRITING
Reviews literature that relates to the basic literacy skills needed by adult learners. Explores current reading and writing programs, materials, informal assessment, and teaching strategies.

I&L 2222 THEORY AND PRACTICE IN ADULT LITERACY
Addresses implications from research and learning theories used to enhance the development of life and work-related literacy skills for adult learners. Assessment and instruction for complex reading problems experienced by adults attempting to upgrade skills are practiced.

I&L 2223 THEORY AND PRACTICE IN COLLEGE READING
Study and analysis of learning and instructional theories, models of college reading programs, and college reading instructional techniques. Observation and practice in college skills classes are anticipated.

I&L 2224 PRACTICUM ADULT READING AND WRITING
Supervised teaching and program development experiences will be provided. Seminar sessions will provide ongoing opportunities to plan, critique, and evaluate student efforts.

I&L 2225 SPECIAL TOPICS - READING
A flexible curriculum oriented to special research topics of interest to faculty or current issues of concern to educators. Focused on areas within programs.

I&L 2226 SPECIAL TOPICS - WRITING
A flexible curriculum oriented to special research topics of interest to faculty or current issues of concern to educators. Focused on areas within programs.

I&L 2227 SPECIAL TOPICS - ENGLISH EDUCATION
A flexible curriculum oriented to special research topics of interest to faculty or current issues of concern to educators. Focused on areas within programs.

I&L 2230 INTRODUCTION TO ENGLISH EDUCATION
Designed to introduce students to basic issues in the teaching of writing, literature, and language with special emphasis on class discussions and portfolio assignments.

I&L 2231 TEACHING THE LANGUAGE ARTS
Reviews instructional and curricular issues in elementary language arts. Traditional and current methods for teaching spelling, handwriting, grammar, writing, and literature are explored. Students experience the instructional activities themselves.

I&L 2233 TEACHING WRITING
Required for English certification. It provides students with opportunities to design sequenced reading and writing assignments, practice commenting on students' papers, study writing in the schools, study relationships of writing to thinking and learning, and practice portfolio assessments.

I&L 2234 TEACHING LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE
Students will develop goals for teaching literature/language; demonstrate knowledge of multicultural education by location, selection, and use of instructional materials; develop skills, strategies, and techniques in literature instruction; demonstrate strategies in planning, organizing, and teaching various ability groups.

I&L 2236 CREATIVE DRAMATICS
Students experience a broad range of creative dramatic activities including imagination, movement, sensory, oral expression, improvisation, playmaking, and role playing. They learn about their appropriate use with elementary and secondary school students across subject areas.

I&L 2237 CREATIVE DRAMATICS PRACTICUM
Students observe and analyze different creative drama leaders and practice designing and leading particular exercises with adults new to creative drama. A micro-teaching format is used for group analysis of practice sessions. Reading emphasizes leadership techniques in creative dramatics.

I&L 2238 CREATIVE COMMUNICATION IN ELEMENTARY AND MIDDLE SCHOOLS
For teachers and consultants, the course examines perceptual habits, creative behavior, literary appreciation, and creative expression. Enjoyable qualities in stories and poems are noted. Students experience creative writing and speech through varied children's activities including puppetry.

I&L 2240 ISSUES IN ENGLISH ASSESSMENT
Covers theoretical and practical issues in the development and evaluation of instructionally valid assessment procedures in English and language arts. Students will develop and evaluate their own classroom assessment procedures and will critically review published tests.

I&L 2241 LANGUAGE ARTS CURRICULUM ISSUES
Reviews language arts curriculum as it relates to and is impacted by current educational, political, and economic issues. Issues include literacy, political mandates, social influences, economic impact, student ability, family/environment. A curriculum is developed by the class.

I&L 2242 ISSUES IN THE ENGLISH CURRICULUM
Students will explore issues and concerns about the English curriculum. What is it? How has it evolved? What should be the content? How should content be assessed? These issues are studied.

I&L 2243 THEORY AND PRACTICE IN TEACHING WRITING
Seminar critically studies various approaches to the teaching of writing from both theoretical and applied perspectives. Students are expected to have had some experience teaching writing.

I&L 2244 SEMINAR IN TEACHING LITERATURE
Students will acquire current information on the status of research in the teaching of literature and the application of that research and will expand upon skills mastered through classroom experiences.

I&L 2245 TEACHING GRAMMAR AND USAGE
Students study alternative perspectives on the teaching of English grammar and usage in elementary and secondary schools and consider the effectiveness of different types of strategies for teaching and testing English language concepts and skills.

I&L 2246 THEORY AND PRACTICE MULTICULTURAL LITERATURE
Designed to provide teachers with a multicultural philosophical perspective, criteria for selecting multicultural literature, and strategies and techniques for infusing literature from diverse cultures into a literature program.

I&L 2247 STRUCTURE OF ENGLISH
A course in the analysis of English grammatical structure for future teachers of English to deaf or foreign students.

I&L 2248 SPECIAL TOPICS - LANGUAGE AND LITERACY
A flexible curriculum oriented to special research topics of interest to faculty or current issues of concern to educators. Focused on areas within programs.

I&L 2249 VOCABULARY DEVELOPMENT ACROSS DISCIPLINE
Develops research-based practical techniques for enhancing vocabulary development across content areas and grade levels. It is intended for elementary and secondary teachers.

I&L 2250 SPECIAL TOPICS - FOREIGN LANGUAGE
A flexible curriculum oriented to special research topics of interest to faculty or current issues of concern to educators. Focused on areas within programs.

I&L 2252 INTRODUCTION TO FOREIGN LANGUAGE EDUCATION
A basic introduction course dealing with the most current issues in foreign language education in elementary, middle, and secondary schools.

I&L 2253 THEORETICAL APPROACH TO FOREIGN LANGUAGE
Presents a survey of the major 20th-century developments in foreign language education with notations.

I&L 2255 TECHNIQUES/PROCEDURES FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHING
Presents strategies and techniques for teaching the four skills (listening, speaking, reading and writing), culture, and generic principles for effective proficiency-oriented instruction. The emphasis of this course is on practical applications.

I&L 2256 ISSUES IN TEACHING/LEARNING FOREIGN LANGUAGE (Cross-listed with FR2973)
Deals with current issues in foreign language teaching. Issues are determined by the current concerns and research in the field.

I&L 2257 FOREIGN LANGUAGE EDUCATION THEORY AND PRACTICE (Cross-listed with FR2972 and SP2316)
Presents a survey of basic concepts concerning language teaching, testing and assessment, and classroom- based inquiry. Some teaching experience suggested for students in this course.

I&L 2258 FOREIGN LANGUAGE IN THE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL
Designed to introduce prospective teachers to foreign language in the elementary school and the issues of early language learning.

I&L 2260 INTRODUCTION TO SOCIAL STUDIES EDUCATION
A basic introductory course, primary focus is upon secondary schools as institutions in contemporary society and the role of social studies programs and teachers within this context.

I&L 2261 SOCIAL STUDIES IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL
Studies the definitions, objectives, evaluation, and problems of teaching social studies. Explores teaching strategies, materials, and academic sources of subject matter.

I&L 2262 CURRICULUM IN SOCIAL STUDIES EDUCATION
A survey of social studies curriculum through historical developments to the current period. Knowledge of curriculum contemporary schools provides the background for understanding the role of the social studies teacher.

I&L 2263 INSTRUCTION IN SOCIAL STUDIES EDUCATION
The methodology component to complement the curriculum course. A survey of teaching strategies and tactics to provide the prospective teacher with a variety of teaching approaches in the social studies field.

I&L 2264 SOCIAL STUDIES CURRICULUM
An analysis of the evolution of the current scope and sequence in social studies with emphasis upon historical bases.

I&L 2265 ISSUES IN SOCIAL STUDIES INSTRUCTION
Systematic examination of current issues, alternatives, and consequences as related to the psychological and philosophical bases of social studies.

I&L 2266 TECHNOLOGY IN SOCIAL STUDIES EDUCATION
Designed for the novice user of microcomputer applications for teaching and learning. Teacher education laboratory provides hands-on experience for improving student motivation in secondary teaching with multimedia and hypermedia courseware and software. Explicit examples used in class activity, presentations and cooperative learning tasks are in support of the social studies.

I&L 2267 RESEARCH SOCIAL STUDIES EDUCATION
Students will examine selected research models as applied to social studies. Emphasis is placed upon planning and using research findings in the classroom.

I&L 2269 SPECIAL TOPICS - SOCIAL STUDIES
Students will research social studies topics of special interest. Content varies based on professional expertise and students' needs.

I&L 2270 INTEGRATING ART AND MUSIC INTO THE ELEMENTARY CLASSROOM
To introduce preservice classroom teachers to art and music contents and processes with relevance to their expected role in integrating authentic arts learning experiences in their instruction. Emphasis placed on developmental aspects of children's responsive and expressive skills in art and music.

I&L 2271 ARTS EDUCATION FOR YOUNG CHILDREN
Combines a review of theory and practice in child development, early learning, and the arts for the purposes of planning and implementing integrative, developmentally appropriate, sequentially logical learning experiences for young children.

I&L 2272 VISUAL THINKING/LEARNING
Looks at the multiple meanings and uses of visual images, imagery, and imagination in various educational contexts. Participants will explore theory and practice in areas defined by visual that include thinking, learning, literacy, and communication.

I&L 2273 DEVELOPING CREATIVITY
Explores theories and research in creativity in terms of its nature and its nurture within a variety of symbolic modes. Participants are expected to develop instructional materials to foster creative thinking and problem solving.

I&L 2274 AESTHETICS IN EDUCATION
Investigates the relationship between theories of aesthetics and aesthetic education. Opportunities to explore instructional uses of a variety of forms and works of arts are provided.

I&L 2275 MUSEUMS AS EDUCATIONAL RESOURCE (Cross-listed with I&L 2330)
An exploration of the uses of museums as a resource for teaching, learning, and research from an educational point of view. An experiential approach is used to study the purposes and functions of museums and ways they may contribute to instructional processes.

I&L 2277 MUSIC IN THE SCHOOL CURRICULUM
Provides opportunities, through a problem-solving approach, for the exploration and application of creative strategies in teaching music. Current research findings will be applied to the teaching of music. Students will plan, implement, and evaluate teaching episodes.

I&L 2278 RHYTHMICS IN LEARNING
Taught by a team, participants experience an interdisciplinary approach exploring relationships between movement, music, dance, and learning. Current research examined and applied to uses of movement in instructional processes. Plans are developed for use of movement experiences by classroom teachers.

I&L 2279 SPECIAL TOPICS - ARTS EDUCATION
A flexible curriculum oriented to special research topics of interest to faculty or current issues of concern to educators. Concentration on specific areas within programs.

I&L 2280 ARTS RESEARCH PRACTICUM
This guided-practice, focused study involves specific site-related arts research.

I&L 2290 RESEARCH SEMINAR IN LANGUAGE AND LITERACY
The student proposes, carries out, and prepares a careful report of a study germane to the student's professional role.

I&L 2291 SUPERVISED RESEARCH IN LANGUAGE AND LITERACY
The student works collaboratively with a sponsoring faculty member in carrying out a research project.

I&L 2292 CURRICULUM PRACTICUM IN LANGUAGE AND LITERACY
The student under faculty supervision participates in the design, implementation, and/or evaluation of a curriculum project in the student's professional field.

I&L 2297 INDEPENDENT STUDY IN LANGUAGE AND LITERACY
The student registers for this when he/she must maintain active registration and needs to extend work on an uncompleted task or project from a previous term or when preparing for special examinations.

I&L 2298 DIRECTED STUDY
The student proposes and carries out an independent study project under the direction and supervision of an appropriate member of the faculty.

I&L 2299 MASTER THESIS RESEARCH IN LANGUAGE AND LITERACY
The student prepares a proposal for an original research project, has that project approved by an appropriate faculty thesis committee, completes the proposed project, and defends the complete report in a thesis final oral examination.

I&L 2310 SMALL FORMAT TV PRODUCTION
Deals with the basic theory and practice of television production with small-format camera systems and post-production facilities. Students work in teams to produce video segments for teaching/learning applications.

I&L 2314 SLIDE-TAPE PRODUCTION
Covers the design and production of slide-tape presentation, including scripting/storyboarding and developing visual and audio materials that are incorporated into a slide-tape program.

I&L 2316 AUDIO PRODUCTION
Students develop audio production skills in order to produce instructional materials of high quality. Students learn basic audio history and physics and become familiar with the newest recording technologies.

I&L 2318 ADVANCED PHOTOGRAPHY IN EDUCATION
Techniques of black and white photographic production and the specific application of these techniques to the design of photographic instructional materials are emphasized. Students apply visual perception principles to materials design.

I&L 2323 INSTRUCTIONAL COURSEWARE DESIGN
Introduces students to the theory and design of computer courseware, including the processes and techniques required to design and produce computer-based instructional programs.

I&L 2330 MUSEUMS AS EDUCATIONAL RESOURCE (Cross-listed with I&L 2275)
An exploration of the uses of museums as a resource for teaching, learning, and research from an educational point of view. An experiential approach is used to study the purposes and functions of museums and ways they may contribute to instructional processes.

I&L 2332 THE INTERNET AND OTHER INSTRUCTIONAL RESOURCES
Provides students with the search and access strategies necessary to locate curriculum materials of a non-print nature. Students develop skills in the selection, utilization, and evaluation of such materials, particularly those available on the World Wide Web.

I&L 2340 MANAGEMENT OF INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNOLOGY
Deals with the techniques of instructional resource administration, including budget construction, the design of physical facilities, and personnel management skills.

I&L 2348 SPECIAL TOPICS - INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN
A flexible curriculum oriented to special topics of interest to faculty or current issues of concern to educators focused on areas within programs.

I&L 2349 SPECIAL TOPICS - INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNOLOGY
A flexible curriculum oriented to special research topics of interest to faculty or current issues of concern to educators. Focused on areas within programs.

I&L 2364 INSTRUCTIONAL SYSTEMS DESIGN
Introduces theory about the design steps in the instructional systems design process. Students work in teams to design, produce, implement, and evaluate an instructional system for a field site.

I&L 2365 THEORY OF INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN
Provides the theoretical knowledge necessary to the study of instructional systems design. The course moves from an overview of the field to its theoretical bases and processes. Students practice the various ID analysis steps.

I&L 2370 TEAM DEVELOPMENT IN IDT
Focuses on the examination of elements that interact to enhance or inhibit the performance of groups, including management/supervisory strategies, intrinsic/extrinsic motivation, creative problem solving processes, and time/stress management.

I&L 2371 LEARNING AND TV NEWS
Students examine the effects of television news and how the news can best be used for educational purposes. Research in learning from television news is reviewed. Students choose one area that needs to be researched and explore that area.

I&L 2372 VISUAL THINKING AND LEARNING
Students will learn theories about visual thinking and learning. They will improve their visual thinking skills and understanding of how pictures function in learning. Students explore levels of meaning in pictures and the effects of visual materials on instruction.

I&L 2373 CHILDREN, ADOLESCENTS, AND TV
Examines the implications of findings on television related to cognitive processing; school achievement; home viewing environment; attitudes, behaviors, and beliefs; programming and utilization; and critical viewing for teachers, parents, and instructional technologies. Distance education via television will also be explored. Students will create curriculum units, workshops, and lessons on critical viewing.

I&L 2375 SCRIPTWRITING IN IDT
Students will develop skills and fluency in the preparation of scripts for a variety of media productions. Contemporary procedures for scriptwriting will be addressed. Students will learn to use microcomputers for the production of scripts and storyboards.

I&L 2376 CONSULTING SKILLS INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNOLOGY
Explores the role of consultants and strategies for consulting on instructional technology or curriculum projects. Students study process consulting, consultant skills, roles, and models.

I&L 2390 RESEARCH SEMINAR IN IDT
This course, conducted in seminar form, is a comprehensive survey of both classical and current research in the field of instructional design and technology. Each student completes a research paper on one major area of research inquiry.

I&L 2391 SUPERVISED RESEARCH IN IDT
The student works collaboratively with a sponsoring faculty member in carrying out a research project.

I&L 2392 PRACTICUM INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNOLOGY
The student under faculty supervision participates in the design, implementation, and/or evaluation of a project in a chosen professional area.

I&L 2396 INTERNSHIP IN IDT
Master's students are placed at a field site where a professional mentor is provided, and students are given professional responsibilities. A contract is negotiated by the site supervisor and the student. An internship requires a full-time commitment.

I&L 2397 INDEPENDENT STUDY IN IDT
The student registers for this when he/she must maintain active registration and needs to extend work on an uncompleted task or project from a previous term or when preparing for special examinations.

I&L 2398 DIRECTED STUDY IN IDT
The student proposes and carries out an independent study project under the direction and supervision of an appropriate member of the faculty.

I&L 2420 TEACHING ELEMENTARY SCIENCE
Basic orientation to teaching in the inquiry disciplines of science. The design and development of teaching strategies, resources, lesson plans, curriculum activities, and methods of evaluation are stressed. Inquiry and problem solving activities are compared to didactics.

I&L 2430 INTRODUCTION TO SCIENCE EDUCATION
The nature of science and education are combined and used as a basis for examining issues related to becoming a science teacher. Current and past practices are examined to define current and future directions of science and technology education.

I&L 2431 SECONDARY SCIENCE METHODS 1
Integration of instructional theory and science curriculum with classroom practice; students participate in a series of practicum experiences in science with emphasis on planning science curriculum units.

I&L 2432 SECONDARY SCIENCE METHODS 2
Designed to develop an overall rationale for dealing with classroom science instruction; students design, teach, and evaluate teaching strategies for secondary school; specific materials for teaching science and strategies for their effective use are examined.

I&L 2441 ELEMENTARY SCIENCE EDUCATION
Orientation to field of science in elementary education; consideration of demands, administrative organization, instruction, and contemporary problems in the K-6 classroom.

I&L 2443 PROBLEMS IN TEACHING SCIENCE
Teaching unit preparation, curriculum analysis, science-technology-society concerns, grading and evaluation models, safety standards, and lesson preparation and management are studied.

I&L 2448 SPECIAL TOPICS - MATHEMATICS/SCIENCE EDUCATION
A flexible curriculum opportunity oriented to special research topics of interest to faculty or current issues of concern to educators. Focused on areas within programs.

I&L 2449 SPECIAL TOPICS - EARLY CHILDHOOD SCIENCE
A flexible curriculum opportunity oriented to special research topics of interest to faculty or current issues of concern to educators. Focused on areas within programs.

I&L 2450 SPECIAL TOPICS - MIDDLE GRADES SCIENCE
A flexible curriculum opportunity oriented to special research topics of interest to faculty or current issues of concern to educators. Focused on areas within programs.

I&L 2451 SPECIAL TOPICS - SECONDARY SCIENCE
A flexible curriculum oriented to special research topics of interest to faculty or current issues of concern to educators. Focused on areas within programs.

I&L 2452 SPECIAL TOPICS - COLLEGE SCIENCE
A flexible curriculum opportunity oriented to special research topics of interest to faculty or current issues of concern to educators. Focused on areas within programs.

I&L 2453 SPECIAL TOPICS - EARLY CHILDHOOD MATHEMATICS
A flexible curriculum oriented to special research topics of interest to faculty or current issues of concern to educators. Focused on areas within programs.

I&L 2454 SPECIAL TOPICS - MIDDLE GRADES MATHEMATICS
A flexible curriculum oriented to special research topics of interest to faculty or current issues of concern to educators. Focused on areas within programs.

I&L 2455 SPECIAL TOPICS - SECONDARY MATHEMATICS
A flexible curriculum oriented to special research topics of interest to faculty or current issues of concern to educators. Focused on areas within programs.

I&L 2456 SPECIAL TOPICS - COLLEGE MATHEMATICS
A flexible curriculum oriented to special research topics of interest to faculty or current issues of concern to educators. Focused on areas within programs.

I&L 2457 SPECIAL TOPICS - INTEGRATING MATHEMATICS/SCIENCE
A flexible curriculum opportunity oriented to special research topics of interest to faculty or current issues of concern to educators. Focused on areas within programs.

I&L 2471 MATHEMATICS FOR SECONDARY TEACHERS
Topics in mathematics may include transformational geometry, probability/statistics, computers or other topics of importance to secondary mathematics teachers. Curricular innovations may dictate some topics.

I&L 2473 MATHEMATICS FOR ELEMENTARY TEACHERS
Students will improve their mathematics knowledge of concepts and skills in numeration systems, integers, rationals, geometry, probability/statistics, and other selected topics.

I&L 2475 ELEMENTARY MATHEMATICS METHODS
Students will study assessment and planning areas such as numeration, geometry, basic operations, fractions, decimals, percent, measurement, and probability. Issues related to problem solving and technology will also be examined.

I&L 2476 SECONDARY MATHEMATICS METHODS 1
Topics include learning, instruction and assessment, planning lessons, effective learning environments, successful teaching strategies, and materials and resources. Responsibilities and professionalism will also be discussed.

I&L 2477 SECONDARY MATHEMATICS METHODS 2
Students will refamiliarize themselves with secondary school mathematics curriculum, instruction, and assessment. Innovative teaching strategies will be examined. Technology and textbook evaluation will also be discussed.

I&L 2478 ADVANCED METHOD OF TEACHING SECONDARY MATHEMATICS
Designed for experienced teachers of secondary mathematics to reflect on issues central to their own teaching practices. Topic may be drawn from issues of curriculum development, instructional strategies, assessment practice, and concept learning.

I&L 2479 INTRODUCTION TO MATHEMATICS EDUCATION
Basic orientation in the field of mathematics education; major topics include professionalism, curriculum, problem solving, and technology.

I&L 2482 MICROCOMPUTER APPLICATIONS MATHEMATICS/SCIENCE
Hands-on experiences centered on laboratory interface design and construction, microcomputer simulations and data base construction as applied to science learning and instruction. A special emphasis is placed on technology infusion into K-12 science learning environments.

I&L 2484 MATHEMATICS PROBLEM SOLVING K-12
Students will become familiar with various theories of problem solving. They will solve challenging mathematical problems, discuss strategies, and identify ways to translate what they learn into their own mathematics classrooms.

I&L 2489 STATISTICS/COMPUTING IN SCIENCE EDUCATION
Mainframe and microcomputer data management programs for statistical computing in science education are stressed; parametric and non-parametric statistics are covered in detail.

I&L 2490 RESEARCH SEMINAR IN MATHEMATICS/SCIENCE EDUCATION
The student proposes, carries out, and prepares a careful report of a study germane to the student's nascent professional role.

I&L 2491 SUPERVISED RESEARCH IN MATHEMATICS/SCIENCE EDUCATION
The student works collaboratively with a sponsoring faculty member in the carrying out of a research project.

I&L 2492 CURRICULUM PRACTICUM IN MATHEMATICS/ SCIENCE EDUCATION
The student under faculty supervision participates in the design, implementation, and/or evaluation of a curriculum project consistent with the student's nascent professional role.

I&L 2495 TEACHING INTERNSHIP IN MATHEMATICS
Math interns (MAT program) work with cooperating teachers in a school setting to master teaching skills and to enhance their professional attitudes Responsibility includes half-day teaching.

I&L 2496 INTERNSHIP IN SCIENCE TEACHING
Teaching interns assume half-time teaching in a secondary school working with cooperating teachers and supervisors to master concepts, skills, and professional attitudes. Career goal orientation is rigorously tested

I&L 2497 INDEPENDENT STUDY IN MATHEMATICS/SCIENCE EDUCATION
Registration for independent study when the student must maintain active registration and needs to extend work on an uncompleted task or project from a previous term or when preparing for special examinations.

I&L 2498 DIRECTED STUDY IN MATHEMATICS/SCIENCE EDUCATION
The student proposes and carries out a study project under the direction and supervision of an appropriate member of the faculty.

I&L 2500 FOUNDATIONS OF SPECIAL EDUCATION
Provides an overview of the field of special education. It includes such topics as: (1) identification,
(2) placement, (3) programming, (4) inclusion, (5) advocacy, and other topics relating to individuals with disabilities, and gifted and talented individuals. The course examines the various philosophical views of exceptionality.

I&L 2501 STUDENTS WITH DISABILITIES IN ELEMENTARY CLASSROOM
An introduction to teaching students with disabilities in mainstream elementary education classrooms. Course will provide students who plan to become educators with opportunities to (1) develop a knowledge base of the attitudinal issues regarding inclusive educational practices and a philosophical orientation towards effective inclusion support strategies, (2) increase interpersonal skills for working effectively with individuals and groups, and (3) increase technical skills in observing, planning, assessing, and evaluating for both behavioral and instructional challenges.

I&L 2502 STUDENTS WITH DISABILITIES IN SECONDARY CLASSROOM
An introduction to teaching students with disabilities in mainstream secondary education classrooms. Course will provide students who plan to become educators with opportunities to (1) develop a knowledge base of the attitudinal issues regarding inclusive educational practices and a philosophical orientation towards effective inclusion support strategies, (2) increase interpersonal skills for working effectively with individuals and groups, and (3) increase technical skills in observing, planning, assessing, and evaluating for both behavioral and instructional challenges.

I&L 2504 ISSUES IN EMOTIONAL DISORDERS
Focuses on issues relating to theoretical perspective, definitions, characteristics, differential diagnosis. Assessment procedures and intervention research. Social skills training and behavior management will also be addressed.

I&L 2508 CLASSROOM ORGANIZATION PROCEDURES FOR EMOTIONAL DISORDERS
Focuses on specific techniques, procedures, and instructional materials required for setting up a classroom for students with emotional disturbance. Subjects to be covered include (1) objectives and target behaviors, (2) instructional materials, (3) classroom management and structure, (4) behavior management systems.

I&L 2509 BEHAVIOR AND CLASSROOM MANAGEMENT
Focuses on the application of applied behavior analysis principles to the instructional problems presented by students with disabilities. These include problems associated with individual, small group, and classroom instruction. The course teaches various types of positive management skills to facilitate delivery of appropriate educational programming.

I&L 2510 ASSESSMENT AND INSTRUCTION - SEVERE DISABILITIES
Basic methods course that addresses teaching techniques used with students who have severe disabilities. Includes assessment strategies, instructional methods, data collection, medical and parental concerns, classroom organization, and current issues and trends in the education of students with severe disabilities.

I&L 2511 CURRICULUM AND PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT - SEVERE DISABILITIES
Addresses program and curriculum development for students who have severe disabilities. Topics include the development of programs for the following areas: personal management, social interaction, language communication, leisure, community, vocational, sensory, and functional academics.

I&L 2512 ASSESSMENT AND INSTRUCTION - MILD DISABILITIES
Provides knowledge of assessment procedures for designing academic programs for children and youth with mild disabilities, with emphasis on assessment for teaching reading, written language, and mathematics. Course includes assessment for eligibility for special education and ongoing assessment of instructional effectiveness.

I&L 2513 CURRICULUM AND PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT - MILD DISABILITIES
Designed to provide knowledge of curriculum content, teaching techniques, remedial materials, resources, and organizational procedures to meet the academic needs of elementary and secondary school-aged children with mild disabilities. Focus is on the academic content areas of reading, math, spelling, written and spoken language.

I&L 2514 ADOLESCENT AND ADULT WITH DISABILITIES
Course covers the general knowledge and information related to the education and transitional needs of young adults with disabilities high school models/approaches, curriculum programming, community instruction, instructional methods, classroom/program management vocational preparation, leisure skills, etc.

I&L 2515 MEDICAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF DISABILITY
Medical programs and physical disabilities, especially of young children will be reviewed. Educational implications and adaptations, including the use of assistive technology, will be discussed. A variety of conditions will be covered including those frequently experienced by premature and low birth weight infants.

I&L 2516 SCHOOL INCLUSION EXCEPTIONAL CHILDREN AND YOUTH
Course covers information relating to the inclusion of students with disabilities into regular education classrooms, schools, settings, and school activities. The student will acquire general knowledge and information regarding the purposes, strategies, and valued social and academic outcomes from all members of the school community.

I&L 2517 COLLABORATION AND CONSULTATION
Includes a focus on content and process related to the practice of collaboration between general and special educators. Topics related to the content of collaboration include various models of collaboration and consultation. Classroom intervention strategies for implementation in the mainstream (e.g. cooperative learning and peer tutoring) as well as more individualized supports and specific aspects of integrating the medical model within educational settings. Topics related to the process of collaboration include considerations for cooperative teaching/team teaching .

I&L 2520 CURRICULUM AND RESOURCES FOR MAINSTREAMING
Covers the different types of adaptations that may be necessary for mainstreamed pupils, as well as community resources that can be used.

I&L 2521 ADVANCED PRINCIPLES AND TECHNIQUES - BEHAVIOR MANAGEMENT
Focuses on advanced skills relevant to the development and implementation of behavioral support programs for students who are seriously emotionally disturbed.

I&L 2522 EDUCATION OF SERIOUSLY EMOTIONALLY DISTURBED - ADVANCED INSTRUCTIONAL SKILLS
Provides knowledge of curriculum content, teaching techniques, and instructional materials through a focus upon academic content areas and social skills. The utilization of instruction as therapeutic programming will be the central theme.

I&L 2528 EDUCATION OF CHILDREN WITH LEARNING DISABILITIES
Provides an in-depth overview of the field of learning disabilities from its inception to the present. A review of controversial issues in the field will be presented.

I&L 2534 ORIENTATION AND MOBILITY FOR CLASSROOM TEACHERS
Designed to prepare teachers of children with visual disabilities to provide initial-level sensory, cognitive, and motor skill development to children with visual disabilities. Students will learn the basic skills of sighted guide and self-protective techniques including assessment and remediation.

I&L 2535 EDUCATION OF CHILDREN WITH VISUAL DISABILITY 1
Examines concepts and philosophies of educating children with visual disabilities. Explores sociological and psychological implications of visual impairments, including educational considerations for children with visual disabilities who may also possess concomitant disabilities.

I&L 2536 EDUCATION OF CHILDREN WITH VISUAL DISABILITY 2
Examines concepts and philosophies of educating children with visual disabilities. Explores sociological and psychological implications of visual impairments, including educational considerations for children with visual disabilities who may also possess concomitant disabilities.

I&L 2537 ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY OF EYE DISORDERS
Anatomy and functions of the eye studied with emphasis on common diseases that affect children with visual disabilities. Included are the use of assessment procedures to determine child's level of visual functioning and latest research in treatment of eye diseases.

I&L 2538 TECHNOLOGY FOR CHILDREN WITH VISUAL DISABILITIES
Evaluates many facets of the electronic explosion within the field of blindness and visual disabilities. Direct experience with adapted software, hardware, and peripheral devices determine appropriate equipment for individual students in the equipment acquisition process.

I&L 2540 FOUNDATIONS OF ORIENTATION AND MOBILITY
Integrates relevant information from kinesiology, rehabilitation, psychology, and special education that facilitates the acquisition of orientation and mobility for persons with visual disabilities.

I&L 2541 PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT ORIENTATION AND MOBILITY
Uses the level-I foundations course to enable the student to demonstrate knowledge and concepts of orientation and mobility theory and practice, methodology, practice, and research are emphasized.

I&L 2543 BRAILLE
Reviews research and literature on systems for reading and writing Braille. Emphasizes proficiency in reading and writing grades I and II Braille, as well as teaching pre-Braille and Braille readiness to individuals who are visually disabled.

I&L 2544 NEMETH CODE/ABACUS
Designed to provide instruction in the mathematical Braille code (nemeth code) and in use of the Cranmer abacus. Students will be instructed in arithmetic computation and mathematical problem solving using both systems. Students will also learn methodological instruction in nemeth code/abacus.

I&L 2546 SURVEY OF DEAFNESS AND DEAF EDUCATION
Practices and trends in the education and rehabilitation of deaf/hard of hearing students. Review of the historical developments and research contributions. Appropriate for those specializing in the education of the deaf/hard of hearing or working in related fields.

I&L 2548 SPECIAL TOPICS - SPECIAL EDUCATION
A flexible curriculum oriented to special research topics of interest to faculty or current issues of concern to educators. Focused on areas within programs

I&L 2549 LESSON DESIGN AND INSTRUCTION DEAF/HARD OF HEARING
Assessment and diagnosis of the needs of deaf/hard of hearing students; development and adaptation of curriculum materials and instructional procedures, including the use of media and appropriate technology.

I&L 2550 LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT DEAF/HARD OF HEARING
An introduction to the development of language in children, and the effects of hearing loss on the development of English.

I&L 2551 METHODS OF LANGUAGE TEACHING DEAF/HARD OF HEARING
Approaches to teaching English to deaf/hard of hearing students. Instruction in the assessment and analysis of communication in deaf/hard of hearing children and the development and design of language arts and reading lessons.

I&L 2553 SIGN LANGUAGE 3
Designed to provide intermediate-level proficiency in American Sign Language and signed English and the ability to converse with deaf people.

I&L 2554 SIGN LANGUAGE 4
Designed to provide intermediate-level proficiency in American Sign Language and signed English and the ability to converse with deaf people.

I&L 2555 SPEECH DEVELOPMENT DEAF/HARD OF HEARING 1
Techniques for developing communication skills and speech reading and for correcting speech in deaf/hard of hearing students.

I&L 2556 SPEECH DEVELOPMENT DEAF/HARD OF HEARING 2
Techniques for developing communication skills and speech reading and for correcting speech in deaf/hard of hearing students.

I&L 2557 SIGN LANGUAGE 1
Designed to develop vocabulary and receptive and expressive skills in American Sign Language and signed English.

I&L 2558 SIGN LANGUAGE 2
Designed to develop vocabulary and receptive and expressive skills in American Sign Language and signed English.

I&L 2559 AUDITORY MANAGEMENT DEAF/HARD OF HEARING
Covers interpretation of audiograms, acoustics of classrooms, auditory and visual perception of spoken language, hearing aids and fm systems.

I&L 2560 EARLY EDUCATION OF CHILDREN WITH DISABILITIES
Provides an overview of early intervention, including its historical and legal foundations; efficacy; rationale; basic service delivery systems; environmental and biological risk factors; effects of disability on development; and current practices, trends, and issues.

I&L 2561 ASSESSMENT/EARLY INTERVENTION - INFANTS AND TODDLERS
Focuses on the identification and assessment of young children with disabilities, ages birth through 2, the use of assessment information to plan programs for children in partnership with their families and other professionals, and the implementation of programs in a variety of service settings.

I&L 2562 ASSESSMENT/EARLY INTERVENTION - PRESCHOOLERS
Focuses on the identification and assessment of young children with disabilities, ages 3 through 5, the use of assessment information to plan programs for children in partnership with their families and other professionals, and the implementation and evaluation of programs in a variety of service settings, including the early interventionist as a consultant and co-teacher in inclusive settings.

I&L 2563 SEMINAR: INCLUSION IN EARLY CHILDHOOD
This interdisciplinary course will cover the rationale, service delivery models, teaming components, family considerations, curriculum development, and instructional strategies for creating early childhood programs that meet the needs of children with and without disabilities. Includes simulations in which students solve real-life problems with individuals from other disciplines.

I&L 2570 PROGRAMS AND SERVICES SEMINAR
Covers knowledge about community, educational, residential, employment, and related services for youth and adults with severe disabilities.

I&L 2571 ECOLOGICAL BEHAVIORAL ASSESSMENT
Covers theory, methods, and procedures for ecological behavioral assessment for persons with severe disabilities.

I&L 2572 SYSTEMATIC INSTRUCTION
Covers information and competencies for providing instruction and supports to persons with severe disabilities.

I&L 2573 COMMUNITY LIVING
Covers informational and performance competencies related to independent community living support for persons with severe disabilities.

I&L 2574 SUPPORTED EMPLOYMENT
Covers informational and performance competencies related to supported employment for adolescents/adults with severe disabilities.

I&L 2575 TRANSITION AND INTEGRATION
Covers informational and performance competencies needed for the transition and inclusion of persons with severe disabilities.

I&L 2576 PROGRAM DESIGN
Covers design of educational and related services and supports for persons with severe disabilities.

I&L 2581 SPECIAL TOPICS - EDUCATION CHILDREN VISUAL DISABILITY
A flexible curriculum oriented to special research topics of interest to faculty or current issues of concern to educators. Focused on areas within programs.

I&L 2582 FAMILY AND PROFESSIONAL PARTNERSHIPS
Focuses on understanding family systems theory and its application to early intervention, including the development of individualized family service plans. Family-centered practices, cultural, ethnic, racial, educational, and economic diversity among families, and accessing community resources will be covered.

I&L 2583 EDUCATION OF THE MULTI-HANDICAPPED DEAF
Principles and practices related to teaching deaf/hard of hearing students with additional handicaps.

I&L 2584 SPECIAL TOPICS - DEAFNESS
A flexible curriculum oriented to special research topics of interest to faculty or current issues of concern to educators. Focused on areas within programs.

I&L 2585 SPECIAL TOPICS - SEVERE DISABILITIES
A flexible curriculum oriented to special research topics of interest to faculty or current issues of concern to educators. Focused on areas within programs.

I&L 2586 SPECIAL TOPICS - MILD DISABILITIES
A flexible curriculum oriented to special research topics of interest to faculty or current issues of concern to educators. Focused on areas within programs.

I&L 2587 SPECIAL TOPICS - INCLUSION
A flexible curriculum oriented to special research topics of interest to faculty or current issues of concern to educators. Focused on areas within programs.

I&L 2588 SPECIAL TOPICS - VISION STUDIES
A flexible curriculum oriented to special research topics of interest to faculty or current issues of concern to educators. Focused on areas within programs.

I&L 2589 SPECIAL TOPICS - ORIENTATION AND MOBILITY
A flexible curriculum oriented to special research topics of interest to faculty or current issues of concern to educators. Focused on areas within programs.

I&L 2590 RESEARCH SEMINAR IN SPECIAL EDUCATION
Designed to provide students with competencies necessary for utilizing and evaluating research in special education and related areas. The focus is on the critical analysis of selected research reports and the examination of methodological and ethical considerations. Course meets the requirements for master's research paper.

I&L 2591 SUPERVISED RESEARCH IN SPECIAL EDUCATION
The student works collaboratively with a sponsoring faculty member in the carrying out of a research project.

I&L 2592 CURRICULUM PRACTICUM IN SPECIAL EDUCATION
The student under faculty supervision participates in the design, implementation, and/or evaluation of a curriculum project in the student's professional field.

I&L 2593 FIELD EXPERIENCE IN SPECIAL EDUCATION
Practicum in topics related to teaching special education students.

I&L 2594 INTERDISCIPLINARY LEADERSHIP SEMINAR IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES
Provides the advanced master's or doctoral student with an opportunity to study and analyze with students and faculty from a variety of disciplines current issues affecting children with neurodevelopmental disabilities, their families, and their communities. Within a framework of family-centered and cross-cultural principles, the seminar examines issues related to advances in diagnosis, treatment, child development, service delivery, and policy/legislation. Leadership issues, which are integrated into each weekly topic, are also explicitly considered at the beginning and end of each term.

I&L 2595 INTERDISCIPLINARY LEADERSHIP SEMINAR IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES II
This seminar, a continuation of the Interdisciplinary Leadership Seminar in Developmental Disabilities I, provides the advanced master's or doctoral student with an opportunity to study and analyze with students and faculty from a variety of disciplines current issues affecting children with neurodevelopmental disabilities, their families, and their communities. Within a framework of family-centered and cross-cultural principles, the seminar examines issues related to advances in diagnosis, treatment, child development, service delivery, and policy/legislation. Leadership issues, which are integrated into each weekly topic, are also explicitly considered at the beginning and end of each term.

I&L 2596 INTERNSHIP IN SPECIAL EDUCATION
An internship is proposed. Then reviewed by faculty and implemented in varying types of special education settings.

I&L 2597 INDEPENDENT STUDY IN SPECIAL EDUCATION
The student registers for this when he/she must maintain active registration and needs to extend work on an uncompleted task or project from a previous term or when preparing for special examinations.

I&L 2598 DIRECTED STUDY IN SPECIAL EDUCATION
The student proposes and carries out an independent study project under the direction and supervision of an appropriate member of the faculty.

I&L 2599 MASTER'S THESIS RESEARCH IN SPECIAL EDUCATION
The student prepares a proposal for an original research thesis committee, completes the proposed project, and defends the completed report in a thesis final oral examination.

I&L 2700 SPECIAL TOPICS
A flexible curriculum oriented to special research topics of interest to faculty or current issues in or about the arts that are of concern to educators.

I&L 2701 SPECIAL TOPICS - ENGLISH EDUCATION
A flexible curriculum oriented to special research topics of interest to faculty or current issues of concern to educators. Focused on areas within programs.

I&L 2702 SPECIAL PROJECT FOR LANGUAGE EDUCATION
A flexible curriculum oriented to special research topics of interest to faculty or current issues of concern in foreign language education. Designated for students to pursue independent research in foreign language education under the supervision of appropriate faculty member.

I&L 2703 SPECIAL TOPICS - READING
A flexible curriculum oriented to special research topics of interest to faculty or current issues of concern to educators. Focused on areas within programs.

I&L 2705 PRACTICUM IN ELEMENTARY EDUCATION
School-based practicum for teacher certification candidates. For one day a week, students observe and assist master teachers, conduct case studies, and complete methods course assignments.

I&L 2706 TEACHING LAB - ELEMENTARY
Laboratory practicum for teacher certification candidates. Provides opportunities to observe and practice basic teaching skills, analyze videotaped teaching episodes, and receive feedback from instructors and peers.

I&L 2707 FIELD SEMINAR IN EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION
Students participate in district-based in-service activities and complete field-based assignments aimed at promoting an understanding of the professional, personal, social, and political dimensions of schools.

I&L 2708 FIELD SEMINAR IN ELEMENTARY EDUCATION
Students participate in district-based in-service activities and complete field-based assignments aimed at promoting an understanding of the professional, personal, social, and political dimensions of schools.

I&L 2709 FIELD SEMINAR IN SECONDARY EDUCATION
Students participate in district-based in-service activities and complete field-based assignments aimed at promoting an understanding of the professional, personal, social, and political dimensions of schools.

I&L 2720 PRACTICUM IN ENGLISH EDUCATION
This prestudent teaching activity is designed to provide prospective teachers learning experiences in the secondary high school English classroom where they will observe and assist model classroom teacher.

I&L 2721 PRACTICUM IN COMMUNICATIONS
This prestudent teaching activity is designed to provide prospective teachers learning experiences in the secondary high school classroom where they will observe and assist a model classroom teacher.

I&L 2722 PRACTICUM IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE
Prospective teachers experience the reality of teaching the foreign languages in a public school setting.

I&L 2723 PRACTICUM IN SOCIAL STUDIES EDUCATION
Preservice teachers in the Professional Year certification program are placed in area schools for a 45-hour field practicum experience.

I&L 2725 TEACHING LAB - ENGLISH
Students plan and are videotaped teaching their peers in various modes of instruction. Assignments follow the English curriculum and methods courses. Goals are mastery, flexibility, and insight in lesson design and execution through peer coaching and problem solving in a "safe" setting.

I&L 2726 TEACHING LAB - COMMUNICATIONS
Students plan and are videotaped teaching their peers in various modes of instruction. Assignments follow the English curriculum and methods courses. Goals are mastery, flexibility, and insight in lesson design and execution through peer coaching and problem-solving in a "safe" setting.

I&L 2727 TEACHING LAB - FOREIGN LANGUAGE
Designed to develop students' teaching techniques and procedures in a peer teaching environment.

I&L 2728 TEACHING LAB - SOCIAL STUDIES
The teaching laboratory serves to complement the instruction and curriculum courses in social studies education. The lab provides a practical means by which students can practice the teaching strategies and tactics learned during course work in a model classroom setting.

I&L 2740 PRACTICUM IN MATHEMATICS EDUCATION
Students observe a secondary mathematics teacher in the field for approximately 30 hours. The student will assist in tutoring, grading, and small group work. They are asked to keep a journal describing classroom experiences, as well as complete specific assignments requested by their method's instructors.

I&L 2741 PRACTICUM IN SCIENCE EDUCATION
Students observe a secondary science teacher in the field for approximately 30 hours. The student will assist in tutoring, grading, and small group work. They are asked to keep a journal describing classroom experiences, as well as complete specific assignments requested by their method's instructors.

I&L 2742 TECHNOLOGY WORKSHOP FOR MATHEMATICS TEACHERS
Students will become familiar with the use of technology in the mathematics classroom. This may include data bases, spreadsheets, and certain commercial software packages.

I&L 2746 TEACHING LAB - MATHEMATICS
Students learning the art of lesson presentation. Students may satisfy this requirement by working with the Learning Skills Center where they may tutor or teach algebra or trigonometry.

I&L 2747 TEACHING LAB - SCIENCE
Involves preparing, teaching, and evaluating secondary science lessons in peer group and laboratory school settings; videotape assessment techniques are utilized and experiences are integrated as part of the methods course.

I&L 2749 TECHNOLOGY IN TEACHING SCIENCE EDUCATION
A hands-on laboratory workstation design course devoted to the learning of science content, process skills, and relevancy to social issues enhanced by science.

I&L 2750 FIELD PRACTICUM - ORIENTATION AND MOBILITY
Designed to introduce the student to skills and procedures involved in the orientation and mobility of individuals with visual disabilities and to other sensory, physical, and cognitive disabilities. There are also visits and on-site observations of local agencies scheduled.

I&L 2751 OBSERVATION PRACTICUM - MENTALLY/PHYSICALLY DISABLED
Designed for students entering the teacher preparation program in mental and physical disabilities. Instruction concerning how to prepare for instruction, write lesson plans, and implement lessons is provided. Field observations and micro-teaching experiences are also provided.

I&L 2755 PROFESSIONAL SEMINAR - MENTALLY/PHYSICALLY DISABLED
Designed to develop professional skills needed by all teachers and to provide a forum for exploration of controversial issues in special education. Additional topics include a review of recent court cases and how they may impact the practice of special education, as well as an update on Pennsylvania rules and regulations guiding special education.

I&L 2800 STUDENT TEACHING - EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION
Full-time practicum for teacher certification candidates. Provides opportunities to observe, plan, conduct, and evaluate instruction in the school setting and receive professional feedback from University supervisors and experienced master teachers.

I&L 2801 STUDENT TEACHING - ELEMENTARY EDUCATION
Full-time practicum for teacher certification candidates. Provides opportunities to observe, plan, conduct, and evaluate instruction in the school setting and receive professional feedback from University supervisors and experienced master teachers.

I&L 2802 PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT WORKSHOP
Series of workshops and seminars on special topic areas in education and small group discussion of professional problems encountered at cooperating school sites.

I&L 2820 STUDENT TEACHING - ENGLISH
Full-time practicum for teacher certification candidates. Provides opportunities to observe, plan, conduct, and evaluate instruction in the school setting and receive professional feedback from University supervisors and experienced master teachers.

I&L 2821 STUDENT TEACHING - COMMUNICATIONS
Full-time practicum for teacher certification candidates. Provides opportunities to observe, plan, conduct, and evaluate instruction in the school setting and receive professional feedback from University supervisors and experienced master teachers.

I&L 2822 STUDENT TEACHING - FOREIGN LANGUAGE
Full-time practicum for teacher certification candidates. Provides opportunities to observe, plan, conduct, and evaluate instruction in the school setting and receive professional feedback from University supervisors and experienced master teachers.

I&L 2823 STUDENT TEACHING - SOCIAL STUDIES
Full-time practicum for professional year certification candidates. Provides opportunities to observe, plan, conduct, and evaluate instruction in the school setting and receive professional feedback from University supervisors and experienced master teachers.

I&L 2824 STUDENT TEACHING SEMINAR IN ENGLISH
A seminar for student teachers in the certification field that emphasizes collaborative problem solving of practical teaching problems and continued professional development.

I&L 2825 STUDENT TEACHING SEMINAR IN COMMUNICATIONS
A seminar for student teachers in the certification field that emphasizes collaborative problem solving of practical teaching problems and continued professional development.

I&L 2826 STUDENT TEACHING SEMINAR IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE
A seminar for student teachers in the certification field that emphasizes collaborative problem solving of practical teaching problems and continued professional development. A portfolio of teaching experiences serves as the centerpiece of class discussion.

I&L 2827 STUDENT TEACHING SEMINAR IN SOCIAL STUDIES
A seminar for student teachers in the professional year certification program that emphasizes collaborative problem solving of practical teaching problems and continued professional development.

I&L 2830 ADVANCED TEACHING PRACTICUM IN ENGLISH
Course designed for students seeking additional field teacher certification. Includes a school-based practicum in accordance with the student's experience and interest.

I&L 2831 ADVANCED TEACHING PRACTICUM IN COMMUNICATIONS
Course designed for students seeking additional field teacher certification. Includes a school-based practicum in accordance with the student's experience and interests.

I&L 2832 ADVANCED TEACHING PRACTICUM IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE
Course designed for students seeking additional field teacher certification. Includes a school-based practicum and portfolio project, in accordance with the student's experience and interests.

I&L 2833 ADVANCED TEACHING PRACTICUM IN SOCIAL STUDIES
Court designed for students seeking additional field teacher certification. Includes a school-based practicum in accordance with the student's experience and interests.

I&L 2840 STUDENT TEACHING IN MATHEMATICS
Full-time practicum for teacher certification candidates. Provides opportunities to observe, plan, conduct, and evaluate instruction in the school setting and receive professional feedback from University supervisors and experienced master teachers.

I&L 2841 STUDENT TEACHING IN SCIENCE
Full-time practicum for teacher certification candidates. Provides opportunities to observe, plan, conduct, and evaluate instruction in the school setting and receive professional feedback from University supervisors and experienced master teachers.

I&L 2842 STUDENT TEACHING SEMINAR IN MATHEMATICS
A seminar for student teachers in the certification field that emphasizes collaborative problem solving of practical teaching problems and continued professional development.

I&L 2843 STUDENT TEACHING SEMINAR IN SCIENCE
A seminar for student teachers in the certification field that emphasizes collaborative problem solving of practical teaching problems and continued professional development.

I&L 2844 ADVANCED TEACHING PRACTICUM IN MATHEMATICS
A student teaching practicum for experienced teachers.

I&L 2845 ADVANCED TEACHING PRACTICUM IN SCIENCE
Advanced orientation to science teaching presenting models of learning theory, science module construction, management demands, and evaluation of student learning in higher thinking modes.

I&L 2850 PRACTICUM - PRESCHOOL
Involves direct contact with preschoolers with disabilities. Students are placed in various types of supervised community settings where preschoolers with disabilities and their families are served. A seminar will be held weekly.

I&L 2851 PRACTICUM - DEAF
Involves direct contact with deaf/hard of hearing learners. Students are placed in various types of supervised community settings where deaf children and youth are educated.

I&L 2852 PRACTICUM - INFANTS AND TODDLERS
Involves direct contact with infants and toddlers with disabilities. Students are placed in various types of supervised community settings where infants and toddlers with disabilities and their families are served. A seminar will be held weekly.

I&L 2853 PRACTICUM - MENTALLY/PHYSICALLY DISABLED - MILD
Involves direct contact with learners who need academic remediation. Students are placed in various types of supervised community settings where children and youth with mild disabilities are educated.

I&L 2854 PRACTICUM - MENTALLY/PHYSICALLY DISABLED - SEVERE
Involves direct contact with learners who have needs in life skills. Students are placed in various types of supervised school and community settings where children and youth with moderate to profound disabilities are educated.

I&L 2855 PRACTICUM - SOCIALLY/EMOTIONALLY DISTURBED
Involves direct contact with learners who have emotional disabilities. Students are placed in various types of supervised community settings where children and youth who have emotional disorders are educated.

I&L 2856 PRACTICUM - EDUCATION OF CHILDREN VISUAL DISABILITY
Involves direct contact with children with visual disabilities. Students are placed in various types of educational settings where children and youth are educated.

I&L 2857 PRACTICUM - ORIENTATION AND MOBILITY
Involves direct contact with persons with visual disabilities. Students are placed in various types of public/private educational and rehabilitation settings where persons with visual disabilities are served.

I&L 2858 MENTALLY/PHYSICALLY PRACTICUM SEMINAR
Offered concurrently with the student teaching practicum. The seminar permits students to discuss situations and problems, and encourages discussion of the practicum experience with other students. This seminar also helps prepare students for the following week's practicum requirements and timely completion of required assignments.

I&L 2859 STUDENT TEACHING SEMINAR IN SPECIAL EDUCATION
A seminar for student teachers in the certification field that emphasizes collaborative problem solving of practical teaching problems and continued professional development.

I&L 2880 INTERNSHIP - COMMUNICATIONS
School-based practicum for graduate students seeking teacher certification and the Master of Arts in Teaching degree. Requires a half-time placement for the entire year under the supervision of a mentor. Interns observe, analyze, and practice basic teaching skills in different grade levels and subject fields.

I&L 2881 INTERNSHIP - ENGLISH
School-based practicum for graduate students seeking teacher certification and the Master of Arts in Teaching degree. Requires a half-time placement for the entire year under the supervision of a mentor. Interns observe, analyze, and practice basic teaching skills in different grade levels and subject fields.

I&L 2882 INTERNSHIP - FOREIGN LANGUAGE
School-based practicum for graduate students seeking teacher certification and the Master of Arts in Teaching degree. Requires a half-time placement for the entire year under the supervision of a mentor. Interns observe, analyze, and practice basic teaching skills in different grade levels and subject fields.

I&L 2883 INTERNSHIP - SOCIAL STUDIES
School-based practicum for graduate students seeking teacher certification and the Master of Arts in Teaching degree. Requires a half-time placement for the entire year under the supervision of a mentor. Interns observe, analyze, and practice basic teaching skills in different grade levels and subject fields.

I&L 2890 ADVANCED TEACHING PRACTICUM
Course designed for students seeking additional field teacher certification. Includes a school-based practicum in accordance with the student's experience and interests.

I&L 2895 INTERNSHIP - ELEMENTARY EDUCATION
School-based practicum for graduate students seeking teacher certification and the Master of Arts in Teaching degree. Requires a half-time placement for the entire year under the supervision of a mentor. Interns observe, analyze, and practice basic teaching skills in different grade levels and subject fields.

I&L 2896 PRESTUDENT TEACHING PRACTICUM
School-based practicum for graduate students seeking teacher certification. Provides opportunities to observe, analyze, and practice basic teaching skills in classroom settings.

I&L 2901 NATURE OF THE YOUNG CHILD
Focuses on the nature of the child so as to enable the student to develop an informed philosophical framework with which to make educational considerations about the role of the teacher. Students will read from a variety of sources to establish a knowledge base with regard to the young child. Practical guided activities will enable students to develop the basis for subsequent work in theoretical and practical venues with regard to the young child, the development of self-esteem, the role of play in development, the teacher's observational skills and teaching philosophy.

I&L 2902 TEACHING PRIMARY-AGED CHILDREN I
Focuses on the social, emotional, cognitive, and physical characteristics of children ages 5 through 9 and builds on this knowledge to construct curriculum in social studies, science, and the visual arts. Curriculum embedded instructional assessment strategies are taught as an integral feature of this course thus linking curriculum, instruction, and assessment.

I&L 2903 TEACHING PRIMARY-AGED CHILDREN II
This course focuses on the theory and practice of teaching and learning language/literacy and mathematical thinking for children ages 5 through 9. Curriculum embedded instructional assessment strategies are taught as an integral feature of this course thus linking, curriculum, instruction and assessment.

I&L 2904 TEACHING PRESCHOOL CHILDREN
Provides the foundation for teaching 3- to 5-year-old children, including a review of development, developmentally appropriate curriculum and instruction, individually appropriate adaptations, environmental management, assessment and evaluation, and family and community relations. Course requirements include observations of children and programs for the designated developmental period.

I&L 2905 TEACHING INFANTS/TODDLERS
Course focuses on the creation of learning environments for children, ages birth to three, with particular attention on center-based settings. Topics include a review of infant/toddler development; characteristics of quality education; developmentally appropriate curriculum and individually appropriate adaptations based on observation in relevant developmental areas; environmental management; family considerations and relations. Course requirements include observations of children and programs for the designated developmental period.

I&L 2906 SEMINAR: COMMUNITY RESOURCES YOUNG CHILDREN AND FAMILIES
This interdisciplinary course focuses on the role of the professional in supporting families of young children with and without disabilities by linking them with formal and informal community resources. The course explores rationale, family-centered principles, models and practices for supporting families, and considerations in the development of community resources. It surveys available resources through guest speakers, on-site visits, and the development of a resource directory.

I&L 2908 SEMINAR: EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION
Graduate-level introduction to the technical and political forces that influence the conduct, development, and assessment of early childhood provisions. Emphasis is given to the practical considerations of program development, community structure, and the early childhood education relationship to elementary education.

I&L 2910 EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION PROGRAMS
For all early childhood students. Course content focuses on current national and international trends and practices in designing, implementing, evaluating, adapting, and administering educational programs for young learners, ages 0-8, in secular and non-secular learning environments.

I&L 2911 ARTS FOR EARLY CHILDHOOD PROGRAM
Course work combines three strands as a basis for planning programs for early childhood education. These include knowledge of children's development in the arts, knowledge of the arts, and knowledge of appropriate teaching strategies and planning models.

I&L 2912 MANAGING EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION SETTINGS
Course requires potential directors to formulate philosophy and goals, program objectives, personnel and staff development. Licensing, budgeting, center evaluation, parent education are considered. Team leadership, professionalism, and teacher assessment are discussed. Research issue papers and comprehensive management models are developed.

I&L 2914 MODELS OF TEACHING
Basic graduate course on alternative models of teaching different subjects, grade levels, and learner populations. Includes opportunities to observe, analyze, and practice selected models in classroom settings. Also covers conceptual and structural models of teacher education that enable teachers to develop a repertoire of best practices.

I&L 2915 INTERGENERATIONAL PROGRAMS EDUCATIONAL SETTINGS
Examines a variety of issues and practices related to the preparation, implementation, and impact of school- based programs that involve interaction between students and the community's older adults.

I&L 2920 SECONDARY SCHOOL CURRICULUM
Selected curricular patterns will be studied in terms of philosophy, offerings, and achievements followed by an analysis of various models for implementing change.

I&L 2929 SCHOOL LAW FOR TEACHERS
Provides an in-depth study of the legal rights and responsibilities of the classroom teacher and examines such legal concepts as negligence, teacher suspension, teacher dismissal, and freedom of speech.

I&L 2930 THE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL CURRICULUM
An advanced-level course that considers current trends and practices in curriculum decision making and planning for elementary school professionals. Students will learn useful techniques in formulating and justifying criteria for the evaluation of a curriculum design and teaching plan.

I&L 2936 ACHIEVEMENT MOTIVATION
A survey of motivation theories and their application in educational settings. The focus of this course is the development of instructional practices that promote student self-management skills related to academic achievement.

I&L 2943 PROBLEMS IN ELEMENTARY EDUCATION
Deals with selected problems impinging on the conduct of education at the elementary school level. Specific issues will be drawn from both the technical and political domains, with selection governed by the interests and background of the enrolled students.

I&L 2946 INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATIONS
Focuses on efforts to bridge the communication gaps that exist between various cultural groups. These students will have an opportunity to explore differences that exist in the home, on the streets, and in schools for each cultural group studied.

I&L 2948 SPECIAL TOPICS - EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION
A flexible curriculum oriented to special research topics of interest to faculty or to current issues of concern to educators. Focused on areas within programs.

I&L 2949 SPECIAL TOPICS - ELEMENTARY EDUCATION
A flexible curriculum oriented to special research topics of interest to faculty or to current issues of concern to educators. Focused on areas within programs.

I&L 2950 SPECIAL TOPICS - SECONDARY EDUCATION
A flexible curriculum oriented to special research topics of interest to faculty or current issues of concern to educators. Focused on areas within programs.

I&L 2961 INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN EDUCATION 1
Use of microcomputers in K-12 classrooms/laboratories to teach educational concepts/processes. Demonstrate entry-level competence in basic or logo computer language. Evaluate, select, and recommend for purchase microcomputer hardware/software. Recognize philosophical, ethical, and legal implications for microcomputer use in educational settings.

I&L 2962 INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN EDUCATION 2
Demonstrate integrated management software. Evaluate, select, integrate courseware with curriculum in classroom learning environment. Utilize communication systems to access, retrieve, store information. Produce instructional resources for class use. Use microcomputer for direct laboratory measurement.

I&L 2963 APPLE GRAPHICS
Introduces teacher to commercially developed programs designed to assist teacher in development of graphically presented information for use in education.

I&L 2964 LASER DISC TECHNOLOGY
K-12 teachers/administrators learn how an interactive laser disc can be used to enhance classroom instruction and then preview several laser discs. Each participant will design lesson of his/her choice using laser disc/Apple II computer.

I&L 2983 INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES IN THE CLASSROOM
Focuses on current trends, issues, and practices in adapting instruction to learning variations based on cognitive, cultural, social, and developmental needs of learners. For students in teacher education and beneficial to students enrolled in programs in the allied professions.

I&L 2990 RESEARCH SEMINAR IN TEACHER DEVELOPMENT
The student proposes, carries out, and prepares a careful report of a study germane to the student's professional role.

I&L 2991 SUPERVISED RESEARCH IN TEACHER DEVELOPMENT
The student works collaboratively with a sponsoring faculty member in the carrying out of a research project.

I&L 2992 CURRICULUM PRACTICUM IN TEACHER DEVELOPMENT
The student under faculty supervision participates in the design, implementation, and/or evaluation of a curriculum project in the student's professional field.

I&L 2997 INDEPENDENT STUDY IN TEACHER EDUCATION
The student registers for this when he/she must maintain active registration and needs to extend work on an uncompleted task or project from a previous term or when preparing for special examinations.

&L 2998 DIRECTED STUDY IN TEACHER EDUCATION
The student proposes and carries out an independent study project under the direction and supervision of an appropriate member of the faculty.

I&L 2999 MASTER'S THESIS RESEARCH IN TEACHER DEVELOPMENT
The student prepares a proposal for an original research project, has that project approved by an appropriate faculty thesis committee, completes the proposed project, and defends the completed report in a thesis oral examination.

I&L 3010 RESEARCH IN TEACHER EDUCATION
Advanced graduate course on paradigms for the study of preservice, induction, and staff development programs for teaching. Provides an historical overview of persistent issues along with a synthesis of research practice and policy issues related to the modern reform movement in teacher education.

I&L 3011 THE STUDY OF TEACHING
Advanced graduate course for students interested in research on teachers and teaching. Covers mainstream and alternative paradigms, including behavioral, cognitive, and ethnographic modes of pedagogical inquiry. Offers a critical analysis of recent studies on the nature of expertise in teaching and new approaches to teacher performance assessment.

I&L 3048 SPECIAL TOPICS - TEACHER EDUCATION
A flexible curriculum oriented to special research topics of interest to faculty and students or to current practice and policy issues of concern to teachers and teacher educators.

I&L 3052 DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT - CURRICULUM MATERIALS 1
Provides theory and practice in four primary analytical processes used in the design and development of curricular materials: goal analysis, deriving instructional strategies from learning theory, concept analysis, and component analysis. Students apply these processes to their own discipline areas.

I&L 3053 DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT - CURRICULUM MATERIALS 2
Students design a complete instructional unit, including objectives, methods, media, strategies, and an administrative plan for implementation and evaluation. They also develop step-by-step procedures for the design of instruction based on theory learned in I&L 3052.

I&L 3054 DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT - CURRICULUM MATERIALS 3
Applying the procedures developed in I&L 3053, students complete a design project, which includes developing, learning hierarchies, selecting optimal testing points, and writing appropriate tests. They also prepare a lesson rationale and develop one complete lesson.

I&L 3057 FUNDAMENTALS OF CURRICULUM
An advanced course dealing with the field of curriculum, i.e., theory, history, development, design, implementation, evaluation, change, and inquiry. Major writings in the field are read and critiqued.

I&L 3060 CREATE SIMULATION
Community relations educational administration training exercise. Students assume leadership roles in the create school district and interact around educational issues. Enhances competencies in problem analysis, decision making, interpersonal communications.

I&L 3070 RESEARCH ON INDIVIDUALIZED INSTRUCTION
Students participate in a seminar on problems in individualized instruction at all levels in education. Applications of principles and strategies of individualized instruction in the students' areas of interest are emphasized.

I&L 3071 LEARNING STYLES
The role of individual style in learning is analyzed and measurement techniques are examined. Results are interpreted as they influence pedagogy and curriculum.

I&L 3073 PRACTICUM AND SEMINAR - INSTRUCTIONAL SUPERVISION
Students participate in a practicum and seminar to develop and demonstrate competence in observation, analysis, and conferences related to teaching and learning behaviors. Students will synthesize the general and research literature on instructional supervision and relate instructional supervision to staff development.

I&L 3075 ISSUES AND PROBLEMS IN SUPERVISION
Students participate in a seminar on issues and problems in instructional supervision. Experience as a supervisor or teacher and the literature on instructional supervision form the basis for discussion in the seminar.

I&L 3077 MENTORING
Participants in this course examine the function of mentoring, skills and activities associated with the process of mentoring, and the relationship between the mentor and the protégé. Specific attention is directed toward the application of principles of mentoring in educational settings.

I&L 3078 SUPERVISING AND MENTORING PRESERVICE TEACHERS
Designed specifically for supervisors of interns and student teachers in the department of instruction and learning. The purpose of the course is to orient graduate students who supervise toward a practice of mentoring-based supervision.

I&L 3079 RESEARCH SUPERVISION TEACHER DEVELOPMENT
Students participate in a seminar on four problems in the research on teaching effectiveness.

I&L 3087 ACADEMIC GAME DESIGN
Participants in this course utilize the cognitive, affective, psychomotor, and conative domains in the design of academic games for classroom use: K-12. Theoretical bases of academic games are examined, various roles of the game player are considered, and the multicultural aspects of games are explored.

I&L 3089 CURRICULUM ANALYSIS AND DEVELOPMENT
Students submit an individual goal proposal to analyze or develop curriculum materials in an area of interest to them. Criteria for curriculum analysis and development are developed jointly by the students and the instructor. Students will relate curriculum to instruction and evaluate the appropriateness of instructional strategies to curriculum designs.

I&L 3200 LEADERSHIP IN PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT
Leadership theory and research needed for supervision. Examines leadership style, psychology of teachers, teacher effectiveness, and specific steps in a process to effect change in curriculum and practice.

I&L 3210 PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH AND THEORY IN READING
This advanced course in reading theory and research is concerned with the nature of reading from an information processing orientation. The emphasis is on understanding the mental processes involved in reading.

I&L 3212 HISTORY OF READING RESEARCH AND INSTRUCTION
Students will learn about the historical movements influencing current practices in reading research and instruction. Students may demonstrate their understanding of the history and philosophy of reading instruction through written and oral projects.

I&L 3215 LANGUAGE/SOCIAL BASES-READING/WRITING
Students will read and discuss research on the linguistic, social, and cultural dimensions of reading and writing. Topics include theories of language, research methods, and educational practices.

I&L 3216 CURRICULUM ISSUES IN READING
Relates recent reading innovations to the broader context of the curriculum reform movement. Philosophical and theoretical questions regarding reading curriculum are addressed. Students will gain understanding of trends. They will also study the evaluation on research regarding effective curriculum.

I&L 3217 THEORY AND RESEARCH IN ADULT LITERACY EDUCATION
Adult literacy will be explored through perspectives in adult education, instructional theories, and student- developed research projects.

I&L 3218 ASSESSMENT IN READING
Addresses issues that grow out of the study of the history of the testing movement, reading models, and related assessment practices. Also, political, social, economic, and psychological implications of reading assessment are explored.

I&L 3219 ADVANCED SEMINAR IN ISSUES IN READING
An advanced seminar in which several major topics, for example, text structure and text processing are studied intensively. Emphasis is on analysis, synthesis, and interpretation of original research.

I&L 3224 APPLIED PRINCIPLES OF READING SUPERVISION
Clinical practicum in which students demonstrate their supervisory skills, with the supervision and guidance of a University faculty member. Experiences pull together the various threads of the reading supervisory program.

I&L 3225 SPECIAL TOPICS - READING
A flexible curriculum oriented to special research topics of interest to faculty or current issues of concern to educators. Focused on areas within programs.

I&L 3226 SPECIAL TOPICS - WRITING
A flexible curriculum oriented to special research topics of interest to faculty or current issues of concern to educators. Focused on areas within programs.

I&L 3227 SPECIAL TOPICS - ENGLISH EDUCATION
A flexible curriculum oriented to special research topics of interest to faculty or current issues of concern to educators. Focused on areas within programs.

I&L 3230 HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY OF ENGLISH EDUCATION
This advanced graduate seminar studies the historical, philosophical, and political contexts of the handful of major approaches to pedagogy and teaching of English.

I&L 3237 RESEARCH IN CREATIVE DRAMA
Students study theories of major figures in creative drama such as Heathcote, Bolton, Way, Courtney, and McCaslin. They read and discuss articles presenting associated theoretical backgrounds and reporting original research in creative drama.

I&L 3240 RESEARCH IN READER RESPONSE
An advanced graduate seminar designed to familiarize students with the various theories of reader response while testing those theories against their own responses to reading.

I&L 3241 ADVANCED RESEARCH IN COMPOSITION
Course provides perspective on current basic and applied research on written composition and understanding of the methods, procedures, techniques, and metrics used in composition research; students read and critically analyze published research and propose and critically analyze their own research.

I&L 3248 SPECIAL TOPICS - LANGUAGE AND LITERACY
A flexible curriculum oriented to special research topics of interest to faculty or current issues of concern to educators. Focused on areas within programs.

I&L 3259 SEMINAR: FIRST LANGUAGE ACQUISITION
Focuses on the development of language in children, primarily in those acquiring language in a lingual setting. Research findings and theories of acquisition are discussed.

I&L 3260 HISTORY AND THEORY IN SOCIAL STUDIES EDUCATION
Emphasis is placed upon the psychological and historical factors influencing the evolution of the field. Instructional theory and supervisory practices are analyzed as significant contributors to practice.

I&L 3262 RESEARCH CONATIVE DOMAIN - SOCIAL STUDIES
Students will develop a sophisticated conceptual framework for conative (striving) as related to both curriculum and instructional/supervisory practice. Relationships to other domains of learning will be explored.

I&L 3266 LEADERS IN SOCIAL STUDIES EDUCATION
Emphasis will be placed upon the contributions of selected individuals to the field of social studies education. Historical research skills are required to engage in bibliographic analysis.

I&L 3267 CHARACTER EDUCATION
Students will conduct research into the field of character education by examining appropriate content from the cognitive, affective, and conative domains of learning as applied to social studies education.

I&L 3268 LEARNING STYLE RESEARCH IN SOCIAL STUDIES
Students will analyze learning style theory as it relates to student and professional growth. Interaction among various types will be explored.

I&L 3269 SPECIAL TOPICS - SOCIAL STUDIES
A flexible curriculum oriented to special research topics of interest to faculty or current issues of concern in social studies education.

I&L 3270 COGNITION AND THE ARTS
An advanced course in which theories and research in the arts and cognition are considered as a basis for under-standing and studying the internal processes that are involved in response to art forms as well as in the production or performance of them.

I&L 3279 SPECIAL TOPICS - ARTS EDUCATION
A flexible curriculum oriented to special research topics of interest to faculty or current issues of concern to educators. Focused on areas within programs.

I&L 3285 ARTS RESEARCH/EVALUATION
Doctoral seminar on research and evaluation in arts and arts programs in educational settings. Seminar sessions focus on analysis and discussion of evaluation reports on implementation of arts programs and research studies of arts learning and achievement.

I&L 3291 SUPERVISED RESEARCH IN LANGUAGE AND LITERACY
The doctoral student works collaboratively with a sponsoring faculty member in the carrying out and preparation of a written report of a research project.

I&L 3292 SUPERVISION PRACTICUM IN LANGUAGE AND LITERACY
The student under faculty supervision works with prospective, beginning, or experienced teachers in the development of their professional teaching skills. This practicum may be completed in conjunction with the Professional Year sequence or at approved educational sites.

I&L 3297 INDEPENDENT STUDY IN LANGUAGE AND LITERACY
The student registers for this when he/she must maintain active registration and needs to extend work on an uncompleted task or project from a previous term or when preparing for special examinations.

I&L 3298 DIRECTED STUDY
The student proposes and carries out an independent study project under the direction and supervision of an appropriate member of the faculty.

I&L 3299 DOCTORAL DISSERTATION RESEARCH IN LANGUAGE AND LITERACY
The student prepares a proposal for a detailed research study, has that proposal approved by an appropriate faculty dissertation committee, completes the proposed study, and defends the completed draft in a dissertation final oral examination.

I&L 3324 THEORY OF COMPUTER-BASED INSTRUCTION
Will review the research and theory associated with computer-based instruction program design; study related newer technology, such as response peripherals and authoring languages; evaluate the instructional effectiveness of programs; and explore a specialized area of computer-based instruction design research.

I&L 3325 INTERACTIVE MULTIMEDIA
Focuses on the design and production of interactive video, CD-ROM, and integrated media programs for instruction. Research and theory related to interactive computer-based software design and multimedia applications are addressed. Students will develop a functioning multimedia package.

I&L 3342 PROFESSIONAL ISSUES IDT
Provides a forum where current issues in the field can be explored. Students identify and critically consider several social, economic, aesthetic, and technological issues. Discussion takes place in a climate of intense critical debate.

I&L 3348 SPECIAL TOPICS - INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN
A flexible curriculum oriented to special research topics of interest to faculty or current issues of concern to educators. Focused on areas within programs.

I&L 3349 SPECIAL TOPICS - INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNOLOGY
A flexible curriculum oriented to special research topics of interest to faculty or current issues of concern to educators. Focused on areas within programs.

I&L 3360 PSYCHOLOGY AND MEDIA
Students learn to apply psychological principles to the design of instructional materials. Emphasis is on the design of a message or a series of messages to be presented through media. Students explore an in-depth research or design problem.

I&L 3365 INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN TEAM LEADERSHIP
Covers theory about the design steps in the ISD process. Students will lead a team that designs, produces, implements, and evaluates an instructional system developed for a field site. Team leaders must ensure the quality and integrity of the design and design report.

I&L 3366 SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN
Focus is on a symbolic interactionist approach to instructional design. Readings include classics and latest research. Special attention is given to the new forms of human interaction that are made possible by advanced technology.

I&L 3367 FORMATIVE AND SUMMATIVE EVALUATION
Explores theory associated with formative evaluation methodology. Theory is applied in the development of a systematic plan for formative evaluation that incorporates internal review and a variety of research techniques.

I&L 3368 PROJECT MANAGEMENT IN IDT
Students learn how to develop and negotiate an effective design project plan, how to implement that plan, and how to control and monitor project activities. Each student generates a plan that meets specific criteria and develops skills in using project management tools.

I&L 3370 TEAM DEVELOPMENT THEORY IN IDT
Focuses on an examination of elements that interact to enhance or inhibit the performance of groups. Students will relate their personality profiles to these elements and examine implications for group performance.

I&L 3373 RESEARCH ON TELEVISION EFFECTS
Examines the implications of findings on television related to cognitive processing; school achievement; home viewing environment; attitudes, behaviors, and beliefs; programming and utilization; and critical viewing for teachers, parents, and instructional technologies. Distance education via television will also be explored. Students will design and conduct a research study on television.

I&L 3374 COMMUNICATION AND INNOVATIVE THEORY IN IDT
Explores areas of communication theory as they relate to instructional technology. Students develop communication skills including the ability to: design communication strategies based on research and theory, write about communication problems, and facilitate interpersonal communication. Emphasis is placed on practicing analytical and discussion skills related to diffusion of innovations.

I&L 3391 SUPERVISED RESEARCH IN IDT
The student works collaboratively with a sponsoring faculty member in carrying out a research project.

I&L 3392 PRACTICUM INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNOLOGY
Doctoral students are placed in field sites where they are supervised by someone on-site and by a faculty member. A contract is negotiated among student, site supervisor, and faculty member. Does not require a full-time commitment on the part of the student.

I&L 3398 DIRECTED STUDY IN IDT
The student proposes and carries out an independent study project under the direction and supervision of an appropriate member of the faculty.

I&L 3399 DOCTORAL DISSERTATION RESEARCH IN IDT
The student prepares a proposal for a detailed research study, has that proposal approved by an appropriate faculty dissertation committee, completes the proposed study, and defends the completed draft in a dissertation final oral examination.

I&L 3446 THE LEARNING OF SCIENCE
Students design modules of science experiences (K-12) demonstrating psychological applications based on contemporary and classical learning theories.

I&L 3447 COMPARATIVE SCIENCE EDUCATION
Cross-national examination of the organization and content of science curricula and the national policies and goals for science education. Students select one nation, state, or local district and prepare a critical analysis of its science curriculum and science education policies.

I&L 3448 SPECIAL TOPICS - MATHEMATICS/SCIENCE EDUCATION
A flexible curriculum opportunity oriented to special research topics of interest to faculty or current issues of concern to educators. Focused on areas within programs.

I&L 3449 SPECIAL TOPICS - ADVANCED SEMINAR MATHEMATICS/SCIENCE RESEARCH
A flexible curriculum opportunity oriented to special research topics of interest to faculty or current issues of concern to educators. Focused on areas within programs.

I&L 3450 SPECIAL TOPICS - ADVANCED SEMINAR MATHEMATICS/SCIENCE POLICY
A flexible curriculum opportunity oriented to special research topics of interest to faculty or current issues of concern to educators. Focused on areas within programs.

I&L 3451 SPECIAL TOPICS - ADVANCED SEMINAR MATHEMATICS/SCIENCE EDUCATION
A flexible curriculum oriented to special research topics of interest to faculty or current issues of concern to educators. Focused on areas within programs.

I&L 3452 SPECIAL TOPICS - ADVANCED SEMINAR MATHEMATICS/SCIENCE TEACHER EDUCATION
A flexible curriculum opportunity oriented to special research topics of interest to faculty or current issues of concern to educators. Focused on areas within programs.

I&L 3458 PRACTICUM IN SCIENCE EDUCATION
Advanced practices displayed by trainees are examined and remodeled, where necessary, to deliver effective instruction, design strategies, implementation techniques, and valid and reliable evaluations of student progress.

I&L 3470 CURRICULUM AND INSTRUCTION IN ELEMENTARY MATHEMATICS
Topics include initiatives in the content, the K-8 curriculum, teaching strategies, learning resources, changing role of teachers and learners, and selected topics chosen by class members.

I&L 3471 CURRICULUM AND INSTRUCTION IN SECONDARY MATHEMATICS
International, national, and local perspectives on secondary mathematics curriculum; consideration of major reports, recommendations, and exemplary programs and materials; selected instructional issues.

I&L 3472 HISTORY OF MATHEMATICS EDUCATION
The history of mathematics education will be presented as the story of changing issues and forces as they affect practices and goals. Various reform movements and their impact on instruction, curriculum, and teacher education will be examined.

I&L 3473 RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS IN MATHEMATICS EDUCATION
Current research in mathematics education will be analyzed and evaluated with respect to methodological issues. Literature reviews, research methodologies, and professional writing will be discussed.

I&L 3474 COLLEGE SCIENCE TEACHING PRACTICUM
Issues associated with higher education in the science disciplines are explored to develop a perspective for the college science instructor. Supervised teaching handout preparation, cognitive patterns of the adult, and evaluation of learning are studied.

I&L 3476 ASSESSMENT AND EVALUATION IN MATHEMATICS EDUCATION
International, national, and local perspectives on mathematics assessment will be presented. Areas include classroom and large-scale assessment and curriculum and program evaluation.

I&L 3484 COGNITION IN MATHEMATICS/SCIENCE EDUCATION
Features a review of theory and research in cognitive science as it applies to learning and instruction in math/science content areas. The use and representation of knowledge in math/science classrooms will be emphasized.

I&L 3485 HISTORY/PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE EDUCATION
Historical, educational, philosophical and nature of science issues are examined with respect to research and practice in science education.

I&L 3486 SCIENCE CURRICULUM ANALYSIS AND DEVELOPMENT
Curriculum forces shaping the scope and sequence of learning activities and resources are studied and adapted for current school science education.

I&L 3487 INDIVIDUAL SCIENCE INSTRUCTION
Design and development of individualized teaching learning and assessment strategies to facilitate and maximize student learning in science are explored. Relationships to teaching thinking models are also studied.

I&L 3488 RESEARCH SCIENCE EDUCATION
Research reports, journal readings, articles, and studies in science education are critically evaluated as to importance and magnitude.

I&L 3489 STATISTICAL COMPUTING IN SCIENCE EDUCATION RESEARCH
Overview of statistical computing and analysis related to the researcher's problem under study is presented to maximize information flow and its eventual placement in the analysis section of the research study.

I&L 3491 SUPERVISED RESEARCH IN MATHEMATICS/SCIENCE EDUCATION
The doctoral student works collaboratively with a sponsoring faculty member in the carrying out and in the preparation of a written report of a research project.

I&L 3492 SUPERVISION PRACTICUM IN MATHEMATICS/SCIENCE EDUCATION
The practicum student under faculty supervision works with prospective, beginning, or experienced teachers in the development of their professional teaching skills. This practicum may be completed in conjunction with the Professional Year sequence or at approved educational sites.

I&L 3497 INDEPENDENT STUDY IN MATHEMATICS/SCIENCE EDUCATION
Registration for independent study when the student must maintain active registration and needs to extend work on an uncompleted task or project from a previous term or when preparing for special examinations.

I&L 3498 DIRECTED STUDY IN MATHEMATICS/SCIENCE EDUCATION
The student proposes and carries out a study project under the direction and supervision of an appropriate member of the faculty.

I&L 3499 DOCTORAL DISSERTATION RESEARCH IN MATHEMATICS/SCIENCE
EDUCATION
The student prepares a proposal for a detailed research study, has that proposal approved by an appropriate faculty dissertation committee, completes the proposed study, and defends the completed draft in a dissertation final oral examination.

I&L 3500 SPECIAL EDUCATION ADVANCED SEMINAR
Seminars in topics related to teaching special education students.

I&L 3502 ADVANCED SEMINAR IN LEARNING DISABILITIES
Covers the most recent findings in the area of learning disabilities. Each term, the focus will allow for examination of a variety of topical areas to include but not be limited to - disorders of reading and language; academic strategy training; cognitive behavior modification; service delivery systems for learning disabled students; definition and identification of the learning disabled population.

I&L 3508 ADVANCED SEMINAR IN DEAFNESS
Discussion of current readings and issues in deafness.

I&L 3509 ADVANCED SEMINAR IN EARLY INTERVENTION
Acquaints students with the latest research in early education and will apply those findings to infants, toddlers, and preschoolers with disabilities.

I&L 3515 ADVANCED SEMINAR IN VISION STUDIES
Discussion of current research, intervention, and administrative issues related to services for persons with visual disabilities.

I&L 3519 LANGUAGE AND DEAF PEOPLE
Provides an understanding of interpersonal communication, the effects of hearing loss on the development of oral and written English, current methods of developing communication skills, and American Sign Language and literature.

I&L 3520 PSYCHOSOCIAL ASPECTS OF DEAFNESS
Examines the psychosocial development of deaf people in relation to the hearing world and the deaf culture.

I&L 3521 RESEARCH TRENDS IN DEAFNESS
An examination and evaluation of research pertaining to deaf people. Educational, occupational, psychological, and communication research are reviewed.

I&L 3522 CURRENT CONCEPTS IN DEAFNESS
Applies concepts from the literature on audition, speech, language, instructional techniques, and social development in the area of deafness.

I&L 3526 PRACTICUM IN COLLEGE TEACHING
Students prepare and teach a course under the direct supervision of a faculty member.

I&L 3530 SENSORY AND PHYSICAL DIFFERENCES
First of a two-term sequence designed to update advanced students in areas of hearing, visual, physical, and severe multiple handicaps. Also included, historical and contemporary concepts criteria used to label various approaches to education and services and research trends.

I&L 3531 BEHAVIORAL AND COGNITIVE DIFFERENCES
Historical and contemporary concepts and research concerned with students who are classified as mentally retarded, emotionally disturbed, learning disabled, speech and language impaired, and gifted.

I&L 3532 ISSUES AND TRENDS IN SPECIAL EDUCATION
Course focuses on legal, legislative, research and philosophical issues affecting the education of exceptional persons. Activities involve critical analysis of court cases, federal and state legislation/regulations, current educational trends and practices, and research reports.

I&L 3533 ISSUES ASSESSMENT OF STUDENTS WITH DISABILITIES
A review of the problems in assessment of skill levels and treatment effects in students with disabilities.

I&L 3535 GROUP DESIGNS IN SPECIAL EDUCATION
A review of research designs and research methodologies used in historical, descriptive, quasi-experimental, experimental, and qualitative research in the field of special education.

I&L 3536 SINGLE SUBJECT RESEARCH
Course covers single subject research methodology applied in studies involving exceptional populations.

I&L 3537 APPLIED BEHAVIOR ANALYSIS
Covers principles and practices of applied behavior analysis procedures within educational and related service settings with children, youth, and adults with disabilities. Topics include skill development, maintenance and generalization, and positive approaches to challenging behaviors.

I&L 3548 SPECIAL TOPICS - SPECIAL EDUCATION
A flexible curriculum oriented to special research topics of interest to faculty or current issues of concern to educators. Focused on areas within program.

I&L 3563 SEMINAR: INCLUSION IN EARLY CHILDHOOD
Covers the rationale, service delivery models, teaming components, family considerations, curriculum development, and instructional strategies for creating early childhood programs that meet the needs of children with and without disabilities. The course will include simulations in which students solve real life problems with individuals from other disciplines.

I&L 3570 SUPERVISION OF SPECIAL EDUCATION
Reviews problems and practices in special education supervision. Emphasis is placed on increasing interpersonal skills and developing technical skills in observing, planning, and evaluating instruction.

I&L 3580 POST-DOCTORAL STUDY SPECIAL EDUCATION
Advanced professional study and investigation utilizing the resources of the University for broadening and enriching general educational background and professional competence.

I&L 3583 SPECIAL TOPICS - SPECIAL EDUCATION RESEARCH
A flexible curriculum oriented to special research topics of interest to faculty or current issues of concern to educators. Focused on areas within programs.

I&L 3584 SPECIAL TOPICS - DEAFNESS
A flexible curriculum oriented to special research topics of interest to faculty or current issues of concern to educators. Focused on areas within programs.

I&L 3585 SPECIAL TOPICS - SEVERE DISABILITIES
A flexible curriculum oriented to special research topics of interest to faculty or current issues of concern to educators. Focused on areas within programs.

I&L 3586 SPECIAL TOPICS - MILD DISABILITIES
A flexible curriculum oriented to special research topics of interest to faculty or current issues of concern to educators. Focused on areas within programs.

I&L 3587 SPECIAL TOPICS - INCLUSION
A flexible curriculum oriented to special research topics of interest to faculty or current issues of concern to educators. Focused on areas within programs.

I&L 3588 SPECIAL TOPICS - VISION STUDIES
A flexible curriculum oriented to special research topics of interest to faculty or current issues of concern to educators. Focused on areas within programs.

I&L 3589 SPECIAL TOPICS - LEARNING DISABILITIES
A flexible curriculum oriented to special research topics of interest to faculty or current issues of concern to educators. Focused on areas within programs.

I&L 3590 ADVANCED RESEARCH SEMINAR IN SPECIAL EDUCATION
Designed to enhance the student's ability to use research methodology, techniques and/or procedures as tools for seeking answers to important research problems in special education. The course will focus upon the logistical problems encountered in the process of doing research.

I&L 3591 SUPERVISED RESEARCH IN SPECIAL EDUCATION
The doctoral student works collaboratively with a sponsoring faculty member in the carrying out and in the preparation of a written report of a research project.

I&L 3592 SUPERVISION PRACTICUM IN SPECIAL EDUCATION
The student under faculty supervision works with prospective, beginning, or experienced teachers in the development of their professional supervision skills. This practicum may be completed in conjunction with the professional sequence of course work in supervision at approved educational sites.

I&L 3593 RESEARCH PRACTICUM IN SPECIAL EDUCATION
Course is a field-based internship in research methodology. Purpose of the course is to provide opportunities for students to get hands-on experience and direct supervision in the development, implementation, and dissemination of educational research.

I&L 3594 INTERDISCIPLINARY LEADERSHIP SEMINAR IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES
Provides the advanced master's or doctoral student with an opportunity to study and analyze with students and faculty from a variety of disciplines current issues affecting children with neurodevelopmental disabilities, their families, and their communities. Within a framework of family-centered and cross-cultural principles, the seminar examines issues related to advances in diagnosis, treatment, child development, service delivery, and policy/legislation. Leadership issues, which are integrated into each weekly topic, are also explicitly considered at the beginning and end of each term.

I&L 3595 INTERDISCIPLINARY LEADERSHIP SEMINAR IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES II
This seminar, a continuation of the Interdisciplinary Leadership Seminar in Developmental Disabilities I, provides the advanced master's or doctoral student with an opportunity to study and analyze with students and faculty from a variety of disciplines current issues affecting children with neurodevelopmental disabilities, their families, and their communities. Within a framework of family-centered and cross-cultural principles, the seminar examines issues related to advances in diagnosis, treatment, child development, service delivery, and policy/legislation. Leadership issues, which are integrated into each weekly topic, are also explicitly considered at the beginning and end of each term.

I&L 3596 INTERNSHIP IN SPECIAL EDUCATION
An internship is proposed, then reviewed by faculty and implemented in varying types of special education settings.

I&L 3597 INDEPENDENT STUDY IN SPECIAL EDUCATION
The student registers for this when he/she must maintain active registration and needs to extend work on an uncompleted task or project from a previous term or when preparing for special examinations.

I&L 3598 DIRECTED STUDY IN SPECIAL EDUCATION
The student proposes and carries out an independent study project under the direction and supervision of an appropriate member of the faculty.

I&L 3599 DOCTORAL DISSERTATION RESEARCH IN SPECIAL EDUCATION
The student prepares a proposal for a detailed research study, has that proposal approved by an appropriate faculty dissertation committee, completes the proposed study, and defends the completed draft in a dissertation final oral examination.

I&L 3701 SPECIAL TOPICS IN ENGLISH EDUCATION
A flexible curriculum oriented to special research topics of interest to faculty or current issues of concern in English education.

I&L 3702 SPECIAL PROJECT FOR LANGUAGE EDUCATION
A flexible curriculum oriented to special research topics of interest to faculty or current issues of concern in foreign language education. Designed for students to pursue independent research in foreign language education under the supervision of appropriate faculty member.

I&L 3703 SPECIAL TOPICS IN READING
A flexible curriculum oriented to special research topics of interest to faculty or current issues of concern in reading education.

I&L 3800 PRACTICUM AND SEMINAR COLLEGE TEACHING
A supervised practicum experience for graduate students preparing for college teaching careers in the educational disciplines and professions. Includes periodic seminars, workshops, and conferences with senior faculty. Students must complete a professional teaching portfolio documenting their practicum experiences.

I&L 3891 RESEARCH PRACTICUM IN TEACHER EDUCATION
Course is a field-based internship in research methodology. Purpose of the course is to provide opportunities for students to get hands-on experience and direct supervision in the development, implementation, and dissemination of educational research.

I&L 3906 SEMINAR: COMMUNITY RESOURCES FOR YOUNG CHILDREN AND FAMILIES
Focuses on the role of the professional in supporting families of young children with and without disabilities by linking them with formal and informal community resources. The course explores rationale; family-centered principles; models and practices for supporting families; and considerations in the development of community resources. It surveys available resources through guest speakers, on-site visits, and the development of a resource directory.

I&L 3948 SPECIAL TOPICS - EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION
A flexible curriculum oriented to special research topics of interest to faculty or to current issues of concern to educators. Focused on areas within programs.

I&L 3950 SPECIAL TOPICS - SECONDARY EDUCATION
A flexible curriculum oriented to special research topics of interest to faculty or current issues of concern to educators. Focused on areas within programs.

I&L 3980 COGNITIVE STUDY OF INSTRUCTION AND LEARNING
Overview of current approaches to the study of teaching and learning from a cognitive perspective. Extensive reading of contemporary cognitive research and theory applied to educational issues. In-depth consideration of selected major issues related to the learning or teaching of subject matter.

I&L 3982 INSTRUCTIONAL EXPLANATION SUBJECT MATTER
An in-depth analysis from the point of view of both education and psychology of instructional explanations embedded in subject matter. Extensive reading in current exemplars of teaching, models of explanations and analogies, and simulations. Systematic analysis of video-taped examples.

I&L 3984 MATHEMATICAL COGNITION
Analysis of mathematics learning and performance from a cognitive perspective. Consideration of research and theory related to procedural and conceptual knowledge, understanding, representation, knowledge organization, reasoning, problem solving, self-regulation, and beliefs.

I&L 3985 RESEARCH IN COGNITION EDUCATION
A specific and narrowly defined area of research in teaching and learning will be the focus of an in-depth analysis from the point of view of both psychology and education. The research will be embedded in specific subject matter fields such as mathematics, history, or science.

I&L 3986 SPECIAL TOPICS - COGNITIVE STUDIES
A flexible curriculum oriented to special research topics of interest to faculty or current issues of concern to educators. Focused on areas within programs.

I&L 3992 SUPERVISION PRACTICUM IN TEACHER EDUCATION
A field-based internship in the supervision of preservice, beginning, or experienced teachers in the development of their professional teaching skills. This practicum may be completed in conjunction with the Professional Year sequence or at approved educational sites.

I&L 3997 INDEPENDENT STUDY IN TEACHER EDUCATION
The student registers for this when he/she must maintain active registration and needs to extend work on an uncompleted task or project from a previous term or when preparing for special examinations.

I&L 3998 DIRECTED STUDY IN TEACHER EDUCATION
The student proposes and carries out an independent study project under the direction and supervision of an appropriate member of the faculty.

I&L 3999 DOCTORAL DISSERTATION RESEARCH IN TEACHER EDUCATION
The student prepares a proposal for a detailed research study and has that proposal approved by an appropriate faculty dissertation committee. Completes the proposed study, and defends the completed draft in a dissertation final oral.

Psychology in Education
PSYED 0005 LIFE SPAN DEVELOPMENT
Follows the developing person from conception until the end of life. The course combines theory, research, and practical applications from developmental psychology. Lecture topics include genetic influences on development; prenatal and birth factors; physical, cognitive, social, personality, and cultural variables that influence development in infancy, childhood, adolescence, early-, middle-, and late-adulthood.

PSYED 1001 INTRODUCTION TO EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY
A survey of current problems in education that psychological theory and research can address. Topics include developmental approaches to teaching, educational applications of learning theory, classroom management, and testing strategies for teachers. Lecture and discussion.

PSYED 1002 CHILD DEVELOPMENT
Follows the developing child from the moment of conception until early adolescence. The course content includes the biological foundations of development, physical and motor changes, language, cognition, sex role development, personality, family and peer relationships, school influences, and examples of deviant development. Theory and application are integrated. Lectures are complemented by student presentations and individualized projects.

PSYED 1003 ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY
Adolescence is studied from a developmental perspective. Discussion begins with the history and cultural varieties of adolescence and proceeds to cover psychological accompaniments to puberty. Lectures and readings deal with cognitive growth, identity formation, moral development, family and peer relationships, psychological disturbance, and education through the adolescent years.

PSYED 1071 ASSESSING STUDENTS DURING CLASSROOM INSTRUCTION
Develops skills in: (1) choosing assessment methods; (2) developing assessment methods; (3) developing valid grading procedures; (4) administering, scoring, and interpreting assessments; (5) using assessment results to make decisions about students, instruction, curriculum, and school; (6) communicating assessment results to various audiences; (7) recognizing unethical, illegal, or otherwise inappropriate assessment methods and uses of assessment information. Appropriate for prospective teachers at the elementary, secondary, and college level.

PSYED 1198 DIRECTED STUDY
Student pursues study of various topics under the direction of faculty.

PSYED 2001 INTRODUCTION TO RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Introduces basic language and concepts of empirical research with emphasis on the applicability of research methodology (statistics, measurement, design, and evaluation) for improvement of professional practice in education.

PSYED 2002 PSYCHOLOGY OF CROSS-CULTURAL DEVELOPMENT AND LEARNING
Teaches concepts of human development and learning and the effects of culture on these variables. Cross-cultural research literature is used to describe the roles that culture plays in cognitive development, communication, learning and individual differences in ability, achievement, and social skills. Laboratory experiences utilize cultural experiences to explain cross-national and micro-cultural differences in development and learning. The course is designed for international students and US students whose future careers involve other cultures.

PSYED 2004 EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY FOR INSTRUCTION
Focuses on the main ideas, research findings, and instructional implications of cognitive psychology for major topics in educational psychology (development, learning, curriculum, measurement, and classroom and group processes). Both child and adult learners are studied. A premise of the course is that instructional procedures should be related to cognitive processes and to knowledge already attained by the learner. Course primarily lecture/discussion with application-oriented homework assignments.

PSYED 2005 INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES IN INSTRUCTION
Provides study of the psychology of individuality and of individual differences that is relevant to instruction. Differences considered include cognitive and psychomotor abilities, academic motivation, cognitive strategies, and learning styles. Focuses on how to use these differences in the design of adaptive interventions. Several models of intervention are considered in light of theory and research.

PSYED 2010 GROUP DYNAMICS
Designed to provide an introductory course in group dynamics and group process for students who are not pursuing a professional degree in counseling nor intending to become professional counselors. It is primarily designed to increase students' awareness of the presence of group dynamics as they affect human interaction and to give students the experience of an awareness of how group dynamics operate to enhance or retard the learning process, effective communications, and/or personal growth and development.

PSYED 2014 STATISTICAL METHODS 1
Introduction to descriptive and inferential statistics. Topics include frequency distributions, graphs, stem-and-leaf displays, boxplots, scatter diagrams, measures of central tendency, measures of variability, correlation, sampling distributions, point estimation, introduction to hypothesis testing, and introduction to interval estimation.

PSYED 2015 STATISTICAL METHODS 2
Continuation of PSYED 2014. Topics include one-sample and two-sample tests of hypothesis for means, variances, proportions, correlation coefficients, regression, one-way analysis of variance, and multiple comparisons. Prerequisite: PSYED 2014.

PSYED 2016 STATISTICAL METHODS 3
Continuation of PSYED 2015. Topics include two-way analysis of variance, multiple comparisons for main effects and interactions, simple main effects, one-way analysis of covariance, multiple comparisons for adjusted means, and interpretation of computer output for BMDP, SPSS, and SAS programs. Prerequisite: PSYED 2015.

PSYED 2017 STATISTICAL METHODS
Topics include analysis of variance for nested designs. Mixed designs, higher order factorial designs, and incomplete designs, analysis of variance for non-orthoganal designs, analysis of covariance for factorial designs and repeated measures designs, analysis of covariance with multiple covariates, and interpretation of computer output.

PSYED 2030 EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN
Topics include characteristics of experimental research, steps for implementing an experiment, internal and external validity, classification of experimental designs, and design techniques such as random sampling, random assignment, blocking, analysis of covariance, and gain scores. Prerequisite: PSYED 2015 (may be taken concurrently).

PSYED 2072 EDUCATIONAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL MEASUREMENT
Introduction to basic principles of measurement and a survey of educational and psychological testing. Topics include validity, reliability, item selection, and referencing (both norm and criterion); interpreting factor analysis of test scores; using tests in decisions; social and ethical issues in testing; theories of intelligence and their relation to intelligence testing; and tests of personality. Prerequisites: PSYED 2001 or equivalent and PSYED 2014 are recommended.

PSYED 2073 CONSTRUCTING ACHIEVEMENT AND ABILITY TESTS
A basic course in the construction of measures of cognitive achievement and ability. Topics include test planning, item writing, test tryout, item analysis, reliability, validity, criterion referencing, norm-referencing, item banking, and performance assessment. Students write assessment tasks, critique tasks written by others, construct assessments, try out and revise assessments, and develop manuals to document the process of assessment development and their quality. Prerequisites: PSYED 2072 and PSYED 2014 (may be taken concurrently).

PSYED 2105 PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR
Deals with the standard topics in physiological psychology but adds a clinical perspective. The basic structure and function of the nervous system will be covered, and techniques for assessing disorders of the brain will be considered. The course will follow a lecture format with occasional films.

PSYED 2106 SURVEY OF LEARNING/COGNITION
Surveys the field of learning and considers how classical questions have been addressed by particular theorists and schools within psychology. Questions concerning what is learned, how it is learned, what determines when we use old learning in new situations, who are the "best" learners, are addressed.

PSYED 2107 SURVEY OF DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY
Prepares students to understand individuals from a developmental perspective. The course covers development from the time of conception until the end of life. Physical, cognitive, emotional, and psychosocial processes are considered. The class is taught by means of lectures, discussions, and student presentations.

PSYED 2108 SURVEY OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY
Examines how human individuals influence each other's thoughts, feelings, and behavior. The influences studied include culture, race, sex, group memberships, and interpersonal action. Particular attention will be given to the school as a social institution, especially in an urban setting.

PSYED 2109 SURVEY OF PERSONALITY
The course is designed: (1) to inform the student about the most important theories of personality;
(2) to evaluate the claims, merits, and shortcomings of each theory; (3) to consider implications for education, family life and child rearing, psychological treatment, and other human activities; (4) to acquaint students with relevant philosophy of science; (5) to assist students in formulating and revising the conceptual frameworks that they employ as psychologists and educators. Student should have had as a prerequisite one or more undergraduate courses in psychology.

PSYED 2110 GROUP COUNSELING
Designed to provide students with a basic understanding of group process from both a theoretical and experiential perspective. Major perspectives that provide the foundation for the contemporary practice of group counseling will be explored. Each theoretical perspective will be studied in terms of its key concepts, history, current status, and group applications. Students will also take part in a group process lab that will assist them in understanding group theories and the principles of group dynamics through an actual group experience.

PSYED 2111 FAMILY SYSTEMS AND THERAPY 1
Designed to develop in students an awareness of the theory and actuality of what occurs in families. Course activities focus on the dynamics of the family and a structural model of family systems change. Aspects of assessment and interviewing with families and parents/couples is covered through lecture, demonstration, and role play activities.

PSYED 2112 DEVELOPMENT OF EXCEPTIONAL CHILDREN
Provides an overview of the factors involved in the physical, emotional, and cognitive development of exceptional children and youth. Topics include attitudes of parents, professionals, and others toward exceptional children; special problems in the assessment of exceptional individuals; and the unique characteristics of exceptional children that affect normal development from infancy to adulthood.

PSYED 2113 PSYCHOPATHOLOGY OF CHILDHOOD
Examines various emotional disorders of childhood, emotional adjustment problems, moderate disorders, and severe emotional disturbance that are discussed in terms of current psychological theory. An objective of the course is to develop an understanding of children's problems so that effective principles of treatment and management can be applied. The format includes lectures, discussion, and presentation of case material.

PSYED 2120 COUNSELING 1 - SKILLS
Designed to develop counseling and interviewing skills for beginning students in counseling and counseling psychology. Videotaped role playing is the primary instructional modality for this course.

PSYED 2121 COUNSELING 2 - THEORY
Designed to explore some of the major theoretical perspectives that provide the foundation for the contemporary practice of counseling. Theoretical perspectives which embrace a number of different points of view, such as (1) psychodynamic, (2) humanistic-existential, (3) cognitive-behavioral,
(4) systems and family dynamics will be explored in depth and theories that represent each of these perspectives will be studied. Learning experiences that allow for observation of the practice of some of these approaches are included in the course.

PSYED 2123 ETHICAL ISSUES IN COUNSELING
Provides students in the counseling programs with knowledge of professional issues regarding their profession. Students are expected to reflect on and understand their own values; to be knowledgeable about their professional orientation; and to know when and how to make referrals. They are also expected to understand their relationship to other professions. Issues in certification and accreditation, selected moral and ethical/legal issues unique to specific counseling populations, and current research in professional issues are also addressed.

PSYED 2124 MULTICULTURAL COUNSELING
The objectives of this course are: (1) to develop a knowledge of culture and the cultural factors that influence counseling, (2) to develop an understanding of the values and attitudes that promote and inhibit counseling across cultures, (3) to develop a knowledge and understanding of issues related to counseling racial minorities, (4) to increase one's awareness of the causes and consequences of prejudice and discrimination, and (5) to broaden the counselor's repertoire of counseling skills effective with various racial and cultural minorities.

PSYED 2127 HUMAN LEARNING
Presents an overview of theories and of kinds of learning that educational professionals should know. Also considered are recent developments in cognitive psychology, such as information processing and knowledge-based approaches in transition from novice to expert and from poorly to well-adjusted states. Prerequisite: EDUC course in human development or equivalent.

PSYED 2190 RESEARCH SEMINAR IN PSYCHOLOGY IN EDUCATION
Research seminar for students in psychology in education.

PSYED 2197 INDEPENDENT STUDY
Independent study for students in psychology in education.

PSYED 2198 DIRECTED STUDY
Student pursues study of various topics under the direction of faculty.

PSYED 2201 SEMINAR IN ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY COUNSELING
Designed for master's-level school and educational counseling students, providing them with an understanding and appreciation of the specific professional issues currently faced by elementary, middle, and secondary school counselors. The course will cover these areas: the development of school and educational counseling organization; consultation and management of school counseling programs; counseling needs and presenting problems of elementary and secondary school students; use of computers, tests, and inventories; and sources of referrals.

PSYED 2202 SEMINAR IN POST-SECONDARY COUNSELING
Includes an overview of the history of post-secondary education with particular focus on the student personnel function at this level and the role of the counselor in post-secondary education. Developmental models for direct service, program development, and consultation are reviewed and applied to case material and prototypical programs.

PSYED 2203 ORGANIZATIONAL INTERVENTION IN EDUCATIONAL SETTINGS
Explores how the counselor can impact systems and organizational variables that affect client functioning. The counseling profession has come to realize that many behavioral and adjustment problems may not necessarily be self-generated by clients but may well have their bases in systems, organizations, or groups that impact negatively upon the people within them. Course will focus on systems concepts, methods of intervening, developmentally focused assistance, theories and principles of change, and various models of consultation and consultation practice.

PSYED 2204 ADVANCED STUDY OF GROUP INTERVENTIONS IN EDUCATIONAL SETTINGS
Designed to provide students with an understanding and appreciation of group models and practice currently utilized within educational settings. Group counseling models, such as (1) theme-centered, (2) value clarification, (3) behavior modification, (4) reality therapy, (5) transactional analysis are studied. The learning experience will allow the student to develop a short-term group counseling program, including the program design, implementation strategies, evaluation procedures, and exploration of research possibilities within the field.

PSYED 2205 CAREER DEVELOPMENT
Designed to provide students in counseling and related fields with an overview of career guidance and counseling. History of career counseling and major perspectives of vocational choice theory are presented. Developmental perspective is highlighted as the framework for a systematic approach to the planning of program and counseling interventions. Career development programs for children, youth, and adults are presented. Planning and program models with individuals and groups are identified. Research and social issues pertinent to career counseling are explored.

PSYED 2206 HUMAN SEXUALITY
Explores human sexuality from a holistic perspective, examining how physiology, cognition, emotions, and behavior interact within the individual as he or she makes sexual decisions.

PSYED 2207 GESTALT THERAPY
Designed to provide students with a basic understanding of the application of Gestalt procedures to individuals and to groups from both a theoretical and experiential perspective. The contemporary practice of Gestalt group counseling and individual psychotherapy will be explored in depth along with Gestalt's relationship to other relevant theories. Experiments will be structured to facilitate the understanding of the theory and its application to individuals and groups.

PSYED 2250 DYNAMICS OF THE CULTURAL PROCESS
Provides students in cross-cultural counseling with the opportunity to acquire a knowledge of the complex dynamics of the process known as culture. Three major areas are explored: (1) the phenomenon of culture as a challenge to human understanding, (2) the effects of culture upon individual development, and (3) the importance of an understanding of culture for the cross-cultural counselor.

PSYED 2251 CULTURAL ISSUES IN COUNSELING
Explores how cultural factors affect mental health. Attention is given to how cross-cultural counselors might appropriately intervene given the interplay between cultural factors and the mental health condition of the client. The course will focus on race, class, and sex influences on mental health; social isolation, marginality, and status inconsistency; and mental health problems and coping mechanisms.

PSYED 2252 CROSS-CULTURAL GROUP ISSUES
This multicultural counseling group course is designed to deal with morality, attitudes, and values with the underlying philosophy that the behavior of each individual spells out goals and objectives that deal with factual information, controversy inherent in stereotypes and prejudice, and the basic need for self-esteem. Goals and objectives for the class are both affective and cognitive and will begin with a focus on the individual's concept of self and expand to the understanding of other world issues and problems.

PSYED 2253 ADVANCED PRO-SEMINAR IN CROSS-CULTURAL COUNSELING
Provides graduate students in the cross-cultural counseling program with an opportunity to integrate knowledge from various perspectives. Counseling theories, models, counselor roles, functions, and accountability practices appropriate for the cross-cultural setting are emphasized.

PSYED 2254 ORGANIZATIONAL AND ETHICAL DIMENSIONS OF COMMUNITY COUNSELING PROGRAMS AND INSTITUTIONS
Community cross-cultural counselors help individuals solve problems within the culture and context of their immediate environments. The purpose of this course is to obtain a knowledge of the concept of community and culture in order to help clients explore ways to effect changes in themselves and their community environments. With a knowledge of community and of organizations, community cross-culture counselors will be able to engage in the counseling, consultation, and program development processes that help clients effectively address individual, group, and community issues.

PSYED 2260 STAFF DEVELOPMENT AND TRAINING IN COUNSELING SERVICE
Designed to prepare students to assume the role of human services specialists and consultants in the area of staff training and development in counseling services. Students apply their knowledge of the dynamics of social systems to practical staff-training situations in counseling agencies under faculty supervision. Relevant theory and practical knowledge with respect to training areas in the human services will be presented. As a final project, students will present a complete training program in one specific training area.

PSYED 2261 LEADERSHIP COMPETENCY SEMINAR
Provides advanced students with the opportunity to acquire supervised professional experience in the design, implementation, and evaluation of a specific training program in group leadership. Each project will address the following elements: needs assessment, objectives, design, recruitment and membership, implementation, leadership requirements, the training process, and termination. A final paper will address the theoretical foundations used, group models employed, issues concerning the elements above, and a program evaluation and recommendations for revisions.

PSYED 2289 SPECIAL TOPICS IN EDUCATIONAL COUNSELING
Designed to enable students in educational counseling to focus their studies upon special programs or issues in the field as they arise. Topics of the seminar will vary, permitting faculty and students to focus upon areas of their special interests or upon unique areas crucial to the field.

PSYED 2290 RESEARCH SEMINAR IN EDUCATIONAL COUNSELING
Provide s students with the opportunity to explore current research in selected areas that are related to the profession of educational counseling. Opportunities for students to present problems in relation to their own research will also be provided in the course.

PSYED 2291 SUPERVISED RESEARCH IN EDUCATIONAL COUNSELING
Allows students in educational counseling to pursue their own independent or collaborative research projects under the supervision of a faculty member.

PSYED 2292 PRACTICUM IN SCHOOL COUNSELING
Provides for the development of basic individual counseling skills. The practicum provides an opportunity to performon a limited basissome of the counseling activities that a regularly employed staff member in the field setting would be expected to perform. During the practicum experience, the student receives supervision from a professional staff member at the field site: group supervision from program faculty, and individual supervision from members of the program faculty.

PSYED 2295 INDIVIDUAL COUNSELING SUPERVISION
Students receive intensive individual supervision of their counseling practice from a member of the program faculty.

PSYED 2296 INTERNSHIP IN SCHOOL COUNSELING
Advanced students in educational counseling who have successfully completed the practicum experience serve as counseling interns in the pupil personnel services of cooperating school districts. Interns are expected to perform the same range of duties that are performed by professional school counselors.

PSYED 2298 DIRECTED STUDY IN SCHOOL COUNSELING
Students pursue their study of special problems or issues in the field of school counseling under the direction of a faculty member.

PSYED 2299 THESIS RESEARCH IN SCHOOL COUNSELING
Students in educational counseling who are pursuing the master of arts degree investigate the research problem that culminates in a master's thesis.

PSYED 2422 USING COMPUTER PACKAGES IN DATA ANALYSIS
Introduction to the use of computer packages in the analysis of survey and research data. Topics include the basic commands for the VMS (Pitt Mainframe) environment, the creation and revision of data sets using the EDT Editor, and the use of three statistical packages on the mainframe computer: SPSS, BMDP, and SAS. Prerequisites: PSYED 2014 and PSYED 2015 or their equivalent.

PSYED 2491 SUPERVISED RESEARCH IN RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
The student demonstrates ability to apply research skills by planning and completing a research project under the guidance of an appropriate faculty member.

PSYED 2494 MA PROJECT IN RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Student prepares a library-based research paper that reviews, organizes, synthesizes, and critiques previously conducted research and scholarly discussion pertaining to quantitative research methodological issues and/or techniques in the areas of statistics, research design, and/or measurement.

PSYED 2498 DIRECTED STUDY IN RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Student pursues study of various topics under the direction of faculty.

PSYED 2499 THESIS RESEARCH IN RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Student plans and completes a master's thesis under the guidance of the thesis adviser.

PSYED 2892 PRACTICUM IN CROSS-CULTURAL COUNSELING
Provides for the development of basic individual counseling skills. Provides an opportunity to perform, on a limited basis, some of the counseling activities that a regularly employed staff member in a multicultural or cross-cultural field setting would be expected to perform. During the practicum experience, the student receives supervision from a professional staff member at the field site, group supervision from program faculty, and individual supervision from members of the program faculty.

PSYED 2896 INTERNSHIP IN CROSS-CULTURAL COUNSELING
Advanced students in cross-cultural counseling who have successfully completed the practicum experience serve as counseling interns in schools or other agencies that provide counseling services for diverse cultural populations. Interns are expected to perform the same range of duties that are performed by counselors regularly employed by these agencies or schools.

PSYED 2898 DIRECTED STUDY IN CROSS-CULTURAL COUNSELING
Students pursue their study of special problems or issues in the field of cross-cultural counseling under the direction of a faculty member.

PSYED 2899 THESIS RESEARCH IN CROSS-CULTURAL COUNSELING
Students in cross-cultural counseling who are pursuing the master of arts degree investigate the research problem that culminates in their masters thesis.

PSYED 3030 QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN
Topics include characteristics of quasi-experimentation, classification of quasi-experimental designs, nonequivalent control group designs, interrupted time-series designs, statistical analysis of data from quasi-experimental designs, and design techniques such as matching and ancova. Prerequisite: PSYED 2016 (may be taken concurrently).

PSYED 3031 PREPARING RESEARCH AND DISSERTATION PROPOSALS
Methodological and substantive issues in (1) conceptualizing a research problem, (2) analyzing and synthesizing empirical literature, and (3) designing a study are utilized to aid students in understanding the inquiry process. The relative importance of measurement, research design, and statistical considerations in various types of studies are discussed to show their relationship to theoretical and substantive considerations in doing educational research.

PSYED 3099 DISSERTATION RESEARCH
Student plans and completes a doctoral dissertation under the guidance of the dissertation
advisor.

PSYED 3101 PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT 1
Designed to assist the student in developing competency in the administration, scoring, and interpretation of individual intelligence tests. The emphasis is on Stanford-Binet and Wechsler tests. Lectures and demonstrations. Admission by permission of instructor. Prerequisite: PSYED 2072.

PSYED 3102 PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT 2
Designed to familiarize the student with the administration, analysis, and interpretation of personality assessment techniques. Standardized psychometric instruments, including rating scales and inventories, interviews, and projective techniques are among the techniques reviewed. The purpose is to help the student develop an understanding of the person through the assessment process. Admission by permission of instructor. Prerequisite: PSYED 2072.

PSYED 3190 RESEARCH SEMINAR IN PSYCHOLOGY IN EDUCATION
Advanced seminar in research for doctoral students in psychology in education.

PSYED 3197 INDEPENDENT STUDY
Independent study for doctoral students in psychology in education.

PSYED 3410 APPLIED REGRESSION ANALYSIS
Study of simple linear regression, multiple regression and correlation coefficients, multiple and partial correlation, model specification, prediction-selection techniques, and the use and interpretation of available computer programs. Prerequisite: PSYED 2015.

PSYED 3413 NON-PARAMETRIC STATISTICS
Covers a number of flexible inferential techniques outside the realm of classical normal-theory tests. Two general areas will be covered: (1) contingency table analysis, and (2) one, two, and k-sample procedures for testing for between-group differences, multiple regression, and analysis of covariance. At the conclusion of the course, students should be able to (1) critically choose between normal-theory and non-parametric tests using analytic and empirical criteria and (2) correctly interpret the results of the non-parametric tests.

PSYED 3414 QUALITATIVE DATA ANALYSIS
Designed to provide students and research workers in the behavioral sciences with an introduction to the logical and mathematical rationale of procedures for analyzing qualitative data. The course should be of interest to researchers who utilize qualitative information as supplementary data in a study as well as to those who systematically analyze and interpret open- ended or other types of classification data as the primary evidence in their studies.

PSYED 3416 APPLIED MULTIVARIATE STATISTICS
Addresses selected topics in applied multivariate statistics including principal components analysis, canonical correlation, multivariate multiple regression, and multivariate analysis of variance and discriminant analysis. The course is rooted in multivariable problems in education, and understanding of the underlying mathematics of these procedures is balanced against their appropriate application and interpretation. The use of computer packages to analyze applied problems is emphasized.

PSYED 3418 META-ANALYSIS IN EDUCATIONAL QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
Introduction to a methodology for conducting quantitative literature reviews in which the outcomes of empirical research studies are aggregated. Prerequisite: Permission of instructor.

PSYED 3420 COMPUTER APPLICATIONS TO RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Examples of the application include monte carlo techniques, statistical computing and programming, and computer testing. Students may choose a microcomputer and work on independent projects for the application selected. Consult with the instructor for the application selected before registering. Prerequisites: PSYED 2422 or one programming language.

PSYED 3430 CASE STUDY AND SINGLE-SUBJECT RESEARCH
Addresses a number of methodological issues related to the design and analysis of single-subject studies. The rationale and philosophy of these designs in educational and psychological research is examined in detail. Non-parametric techniques are used to analyze single-subject data to the exclusion of classical (e.g., time series) methods. The complementary roles of quantitative and non-quantitative data analyses are emphasized.

PSYED 3450 INTRODUCTION TO EDUCATIONAL EVALUATION
Issues relevant to doing evaluation and utilizing results are addressed. Both evaluation "theory" and practical experience are utilized to prepare people who will be providing or using evaluation information. Special emphasis is given to: (1) differences between evaluation and research,
(2) problems in using quantitative or qualitative methods when assumptions are not met, and (3) issues that affect the usefulness of information in decision making.

PSYED 3460 THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH
Investigates philosophical and theoretical foundations of methods used to do educational research. Particular emphasis is given both to classical quantitative, objective methods, and to qualitative approaches to research. The roles of theory, hypotheses, observation, interpretation, and verification in the inquiry process are addressed. Prior study of research methods is needed to take advantage of this course. Approval by instructor required.

PSYED 3470 CRITERION-REFERENCED TESTING TECHNIQUES
Reviews criterion-referencing and its application to educational practice. Topics include referencing tests to curriculum objectives, concepts of mastery, item-banking, judging item validity, matching items to instructional events, setting passing standards for competency tests, reliability, decision consistency, equivalency of test forms, diagnostic testing, and implications of cognitive psychology for criterion-referenced testing.

PSYED 3471 CONSTRUCTING QUESTIONNAIRES AND CONDUCTING SURVEYS
Presentation of practical considerations in the construction of questionnaires including questionnaire blueprint, selection of item types, wording of items, and length of instrument. Discussion of conducting surveys including selection of sample, cover letter, mailing or interview procedures, follow-up methods.

PSYED 3473 CULTURAL AND RACIAL BIAS IN TESTING
Covers conceptual, philosophical, social, and methodological issues in test bias. Research on the three principal sources of potential bias in standardized test performance (cultural or "internal" test bias, biases external to the test, and bias in selection and prediction) will be reviewed and critically evaluated. Covers methods for detecting biased items, as well as mathematical models of bias in selection and prediction. Empirical research on racial, ethnic, and sex bias and their implications for the IQ controversy will be reviewed.

PSYED 3475 PSYCHOMETRIC THEORY
Basic course in classical and modern psychometric theory. Topics include basic formulations, composite tests, validity and reliability, test length, factors affecting precision, estimation, prediction, item parameters, test construction, and test equating. Both criterion-referencing and norm referencing applications are included. Prerequisites: PSYED 2072 and PSYED 2016.

PSYED 3476 GENERALIZABILITY THEORY
Generalizability theory (g-theory) is an extension of classical test theory. It allows for the existence of multiple sources of error through the application of anova procedures. By assessing each source of error, students can better characterize the measurement and improve research designs. G-theory can be applied to a broad range of measurement, evaluation, and testing issues in education and psychology. The course will cover the principles and uses of applications to norm-referenced and domain-referenced testing. Prerequisites: PSYED 3411 and PSYED 3475.

PSYED 3477 ITEM RESPONSE THEORY
Continuation of PSYED 3475. Advanced measurement topics in latent trait theoretical models and their applications to achievement, aptitude, and attitude measurement. Prerequisite: PSYED 3475.

PSYED 3478 TEST DESIGN STRATEGIES
Emphasizes the scientific design of measurements of cognitive abilities. Considers how the findings of modern cognitive psychology and modern latent trait theories of psychometrics can be integrated and applied to the design and creation of test items of increased construct validity. Prerequisite: PSYED 3475.

PSYED 3484 ADVANCED TOPICS IN MEASUREMENT
Seminar on specialized topics in educational and psychological measurement organized around faculty and student interests. Students may request a specific seminar series on topics not covered by ordinary course offerings. Scheduling will depend on sufficient enrollment and faculty availability.

PSYED 3485 ADVANCED TOPICS IN RESEARCH DESIGN
Includes new strategies in research design, and application of mathematical and behavioral design models for educational research. Topics vary each term around interests of the students enrolled. Prerequisite: consent of instructor.

PSYED 3486 ADVANCED TOPICS IN STATISTICAL METHODS
Special topics to cover specific statistical procedures and issues. May be arranged around interests of students enrolled. Prerequisite: consent of instructor.

PSYED 3489 SPECIAL TOPICS IN RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Special topics in research methods presented in seminar format. Permission by instructor required.

PSYED 3490 SEMINAR IN RESEARCH METHODS
Special topics in research methods presented in seminar format. Permission by instructor required.

PSYED 3491 SUPERVISED RESEARCH IN RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
The student demonstrates ability to apply research skills by planning and completing a research project under direction of an appropriate faculty member.

PSYED 3495 TEACHING INTERNSHIP IN RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Provides students with training in teaching a section of a research methodology course. It includes the development of course lectures, assignments, and part of the mid-term or final exam and the delivery of the lectures.

PSYED 3498 DIRECTED STUDY IN RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Student pursues study of various topics under the direction of faculty.

PSYED 3499 DISSERTATION RESEARCH IN RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Student registers for this course while conducting research for a doctoral dissertation.

PSYED 3501 THE CHILD FROM BIRTH TO FIVE
This survey of early development considers descriptive, theoretical, and empirical approaches to the study of the infant and young child. Developmental issues within the domains of cognitive, social, and emotional functioning will be considered in conjunction with knowledge about biological, temperamental, and environmental influences. Strategies of developmental assessment and early indicators of psychological risk will be presented and discussed. Required: a prior course in statistics.

PSYED 3503 PSYCHOLOGY OF ADOLESCENCE AND YOUTH
Considers psychophysical characteristics; social and economic trends underlying modern life-stage concepts; application of theory and research in cognitive, psychosocial, and moral development; parental relationships, sexuality, drugs and alcohol, and delinquency and their applications.

PSYED 3515 SEMINAR IN EGO AND MORAL DEVELOPMENT
The seminar studies theories, conceptional frames and empirical research in ego and moral development, together with related topics of cognitive and social development. Works analyzed include those of Jean Piaget, Jane Loevinger, Lawrence Kohlberg, and Robert Kegan. Implications for education and for counseling/psychotherapy are examined. Each student selects and pursues a particular research topic that may be suitable for a thesis or dissertation.

PSYED 3516 SEMINAR IN COGNITION AND INSTRUCTION
Seminar surveys recent developments in cognitive psychology and applied cognitive psychology, relevant to teaching and instruction. Topics include, but not necessarily restricted to, cognitive theories of motivation, understanding, problem solving, learning strategies, mathematical thinking, musical cognition, and so on. Students develop proposal for research or innovative instructional practice.

PSYED 3518 SEMINAR IN INSTRUCTIONAL PSYCHOLOGY
Examines recent developments in fields of psychology relevant to instruction. Topics include theories of motivation, individual experiences, differential psychology, educational technology, and instructional design. Students review original psychological research and propose implications for education that can be systematically tested.

PSYED 3519 THEORIES OF COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT
Provides the opportunity to examine, critically, a selected sample of theories of cognitive development from birth through adolescence. Each theory will be discussed in terms of its precision, scope, and educational applications. The theories examined will include: information processing accounts of development, constructivist theory (e.g., Piaget's theory), and social constructivist (e.g., Bruner's and Vygotsky's theories). Recent attempts to apply these theories to classroom instruction will be reviewed.

PSYED 3520 INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGIES
Focuses on how to teach and instruct from the standpoint of psychological theory and research. The course is organized by the content or the subject to be taught. Questions of what to teach, how to teach, and how to judge the quality of teaching are addressed. Students review research and propose implications for education that can be scientifically tested.

PSYED 3522 ADULT LEARNING
Presents psychological theory, research, and analytical methods applicable to the variety of settings in which adults learn and to the variety of objectives adults have for learning. The roles of memory, prior knowledge, and self-regulated learning in these and other task domains are considered. Students should emerge with an understanding of how to analyze what is involved in selected domains of learning and how to identify the more important questions for research.

PSYED 3524 BEHAVIOR MANAGEMENT IN EDUCATION
Provides an examination of traditional Pavlovian and Skinnerian models of behavior management, as well as the newer influences of social learning theory, self-management, and cognitive behavior modification. The focus will be upon research design, critical assessment of the field, and application. All students will design and execute a behavioral project.

PSYED 3526 SEMINAR IN CROSS-CULTURAL FAMILY PATTERNS AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
Examines human development as it is affected by culture. Students deal with psychological, social, and educational processes that affect child, adolescent, and adult development, family patterns, and child-rearing practices to prepare children to become adults in different societies. Each seminar participant chooses one culture as the basis for study, then uses that culture as a vehicle through which to evaluate a variety of cultural factors that affect human development.

PSYED 3528 PSYCHOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT IN MATURITY AND OLD AGE
Studies age-related physical, psychomotor, cognitive, and affective changes in maturity and old age from a life span development perspective. Recent research findings and issues related to studying aging are stressed.

PSYED 3530 FAMILY ISSUES AND CHILD DEVELOPMENT
The focus of this course is on current issues concerning the family with direct relevance to child development. Examples include work and family, daycare and latchkey children, divorce, and child maltreatment. These issues will be explored both from a developmental perspective and in relation to current social and political conditions, directives, and debate. In each case, historical and cross-cultural factors will be considered, and alternative solutions will be explored. Required: a prior course in statistics, research methodology, and developmental psychology.

PSYED 3531 FAMILY INFLUENCES ON CHILD DEVELOPMENT
Provides an analysis of the multiple pathways through which parents, siblings, and families shape child development. Each of several pathwaysthe determinants of parenting, parental influences, marital influences, and sibling influencesis examined and discussed across three developmental periods: infancy, early childhood, and middle childhood. Primary attention, will be paid to the unique impact of parental care on early development. Required: a prior course in statistics, research methodology, and developmental psychology or child development.

PSYED 3532 FAMILY RESEARCH METHODS AND ISSUES
Designed to introduce students to the major areas of research in the family and issues raised in family research. Students will survey the major factors related to family functioning and the ways these factors have been studied. A variety of research methodologies will be presented, including experimental, correlational, and qualitative strategies. Assessment techniques and instruments currently used in family research will be illustrated and discussed. Required: prior course in statistics and research methodology.

PSYED 3533 DEVELOPMENTAL ADAPTATION AND MALADAPTATION
Provides an overview of the developmental psychology and psychopathology of children from infancy to middle childhood. Emphasis is on the organization of development and processes of both adaptation and maladaptation. The course is designed to enhance sensitivity to specific developmental issues emerging during this period and their outcomes. Etiology, assessment, and prediction will each be considered. Required: a prior course in statistics, research methodology, and developmental psychology.

PSYED 3534 ORIGINS OF MOTIVATION AND COMPETENCE
Beginning with infancy, this course explores characteristics of the child and of the environment, and how the two interact in the development of mastery motivation and cognitive competence. Within each of the three developmental periods examinedinfancy, early childhood, and middle childhoodinitial attention will be given to understanding both the nature of cognitive motivational development and methods of assessment. Students then will consider the broader ecology of their development. Required: a prior course in statistics and developmental psychology.

PSYED 3535 CULTURE AND COGNITION
Examines cultural influences on children's cognition. Students will be introduced to thinking and research in cross-cultural psychology. The implications of this work for the assessment of children's learning and development will be discussed. A multicultural perspective on the education of minority children in the united states will be presented and evaluated.

PSYED 3536 THE CHILD IN SCHOOL
Focus is on children's development during the elementary school years. Students will study the developmental changes that occur in children's social relationships, self-concept, learning, and cognitive development during the period from 5-12 years of age. The effect of these changes upon children's lives inside and outside of school settings will be discussed. Readings, lectures, and discussions will be supplemented by informal observations and interviews with school-aged children.

PSYED 3537 CHILDHOOD AND ADOLESCENCE
Survey of psychological theory and research on cognitive, social, and personality development during childhood and adolescence. Application of research to the educational and social-emotional needs of children and adolescents. Among topics considered will be parent-child relationships, sexuality, substance use, and delinquency. Cultural diversity in development also will be addressed.

PSYED 3588 FAMILY RESEARCH PRACTICUM
The purpose of the family research practicum is to provide hands-on experience in conceptualizing, designing, implementing, and evaluating family research studies that are written up for presentation, publication, or formal degree requirements.

PSYED 3589 SPECIAL TOPICS IN DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY
Students will address selected topics for study.

PSYED 3590 RESEARCH SEMINAR IN DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY
Students will study selected research topics and relevant research methodologies.

PSYED 3591 SUPERVISED RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY
Students will pursue selected topics under the guidance of a faculty member.

PSYED 3592 PRACTICUM IN DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY
Practicum gives students experience in instructional activities on topics of developmental and educational psychology. Students choose activities from a list or may propose their own. Available activities change from term to term as will teaching topics, supervising faculty, and practicum sites. Activities can include: actual delivery of instruction, observation of instruction, design of methods and material of available instructional media, and so forth. Practicum meets once a week; end of term papers required.

PSYED 3598 DIRECTED STUDY IN DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY
Student under individual advisement of a faculty member will design and complete a project.

PSYED 3599 DISSERTATION RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY
Student registers for this course while conducting research for a doctoral dissertation.

PSYED 3602 INTERVENTION WITH CHILDREN
Presents an introduction to intervention methods appropriate for use with children. While the focus is on brief psychotherapy with children and their parents, other methods such as intensive psychotherapy, play therapy, biofeedback, and psychopharmacological treatments are also discussed. Particular emphasis is placed on the factors involved in decision making among the various intervention choices.

PSYED 3700 SEMINAR IN COUNSELING PSYCHOLOGY
Designed to introduce the student to counseling psychology as a profession. The focus is on the historical development of current professional issues and trends. Attention is given to ethical and legal issues, relations of counseling psychology to other professions, career options in counseling psychology, and changing roles of counseling psychologists.

PSYED 3701 ADVANCED SEMINAR IN COUNSELING PSYCHOLOGY
This pro-seminar focuses on the history of psychology with special reference to the history of counseling and psychotherapy. Students will study major examples from the history of ideas that had a particular impact upon our consideration of the nature of man and the manner in which we view the therapeutic process. The relevance of historical ideas and trends to the formulation of contemporary theories of counseling and the continuance of certain historical themes in contemporary theory and research will also be studied.

PSYED 3702 INDIVIDUAL COUNSELING 1 (SKILLS)
Course in counseling skills is for beginning students in the counseling psychology program.

PSYED 3703 INDIVIDUAL COUNSELING 2 (THEORY)
An overview of major theoretical perspectives that provide the foundations for the contemporary practice of counseling. Each theoretical perspective will be explored in terms of key concepts, historical development, strategies and techniques, current status, and appraisal. The course will also introduce the student to a consideration of the effectiveness of psychotherapy and trends in theory, including common factors and integration of various perspectives. Prerequisite: PSYED 3702

PSYED 3704 INDIVIDUAL COUNSELING 3 (RESEARCH AND PRACTICE)
Objectives of this course are to increase students' understanding of conceptual models relevant to counseling practice, to familiarize students with recent developments in theory and counseling research, increase skill in case conceptualization, and develop advanced skills in counseling interventions. Prerequisites: PSYED 3702, PSYED 3703

PSYED 3705 ADVANCED GROUP COUNSELING
There are four goals in this course that include: (1) an understanding of existing theoretical models of group functioning, (2) an exploration of the numerous variables that affect the conduct of group work, (3) an understanding of the effect a group has on one's behavior as a group participant, (4) increased knowledge of the research literature. Prerequisite: PSYED 2110 or its equivalent.

PSYED 3707 ETHICS IN COUNSELING PSYCHOLOGY
Addresses the ethical standards of psychologists with an emphasis on the ethical issues encountered by counseling psychologists in professional practice. Ethical dilemmas that may arise in relationships with clients and professional colleagues are examined and methods for resolving such dilemmas are evaluated.

PSYED 3708 FAMILY SYSTEMS AND THERAPY 2
An advanced seminar intended to develop students' conceptual base for understanding family system dynamics. The development of skills in (1) role functioning and (2) designing interventions to facilitate change is emphasized. Attention is paid to special topics and problems of families, such as alcoholism, single-parent families, and the changing educational and career contexts that influence families. Prerequisite: PSYED 2111 or its equivalent.

PSYED 3709 ADVANCED SEMINAR IN THE FAMILY AND DISABILITY
Explores the many aspects of family life when a disabled child or adult is present. The aims of the course are to examine theory, research, and intervention strategies relevant to families with a disabled member. Open to advanced master's and to doctoral students. Prerequisites: PSYED 2110, 2111 or their equivalent.

PSYED 3710 PSYCHOPATHOLOGY
Course reviews major categories of adult psychopathology from the standpoint of practicing counselors and counseling psychologists. Students will become familiar with current psychiatric diagnosis and classification (DSM-III-R) and will examine etiology, assessment, and case management issues for a range of adult disorders. This is an advanced-level course aimed at students in counseling, rehabilitation, or psychology programs. Prerequisite: undergraduate psychology courses.

PSYED 3711 CAREER DEVELOPMENT
Concerned with understanding the forces that affect career development and helping clients to develop careers in light of these forces. The frame of reference is that which a counseling psychologist would have about career development. The course is designed for counseling psychology doctoral students; however, it is open to other students on a permission basis.

PSYED 3712 SEMINAR IN EDUCATIONAL CONSULTATION AND PREVENTION
Examines theory and practice of prevention (primary and/or secondary), using a psychoeducational model of intervention. The primary objective is to assist the student in understanding and applying prevention interventions (i.e., health or parent education programs) in counseling psychology. Research and practice models of consultation will provide a framework to assist other professionals (i.e., teachers). Specific emphasis will be given to facilitating adjustment and competence by teaching skills, enhancing supports, and generally empowering the individual or group.

PSYED 3713 COGNITIVE/BEHAVIORAL COUNSELING
Deals with the psychological foundations, techniques, and applications of cognitive therapies to a variety of personal problems, clinical syndromes, and special reference groups. It offers an introductory presentation of a uniquely flexible counseling approach that has emerged as a major trend in contemporary psychotherapy. With emphasis on belief systems, maladaptive cognitive processes, learning, and coping, the cognitive-behavioral movement is education oriented.

PSYED 3714 BEHAVIORAL COUNSELING
Presents behavioral counseling as an empirical, research-based, problem-solving approach to human problems. Historical origins, basic assumptions, behavioral assessment, relationship factors, current techniques and evaluation procedures are covered. Applications to clinical and educational problems are stressed. Students will learn to use self-management approaches so they can teach clients active coping strategies for dealing with problem situations.

PSYED 3715 PSYCHOANALYTIC THEORY
Designed to provide the student with a comprehensive exploration of that area of psychotherapy that is known as analytic theory or depth psychology. The course consists of three major divisions. The first explores the historical and clinical roots that form the basis for our understanding of the unconscious; the second considers the major structural and dynamic principles of Freudian theorists, while the third explores the analytical psychology of C.G. Jung, and recent trends in post-Jungian psychology.

PSYED 3716 COUNSELING SPECIAL POPULATIONS
Presents theoretical perspectives and intervention strategies for counseling special populations. Each term the course is offered, a different client population is the focus, i.e., women, adolescents, the elderly, the unemployed, shy persons, the "unmotivated", or persons with disabilities.

PSYED 3717 SUPERVISION SEMINAR
Focuses on the training and clinical supervision of counselors and psychologists who are preparing for professional careers. Students will explore existing theories of supervision and examine the research and practice associated with counselor training.

PSYED 3719 ADVANCED SEMINAR IN COUNSELING THEORY AND PRACTICE
Addresses special topics in counseling relevant to theoretical, research, and intervention issues.

PSYED 3720 SEMINAR IN RESEARCH IN ASSESSMENT
Focuses on research issues associated with various domains of psychological assessment including the intellective, personality, psychoeducational, and vocational domains. Conceptual and methodological considerations are discussed in each context and as they may be generally applied to the process of clinical assessment.

PSYED 3721 ADVANCED SEMINAR IN COUNSELING RESEARCH
A seminar to explore methodological issues and outcome research in counseling.

PSYED 3722 COGNITIVE APPROACHES IN STUDENT DEVELOPMENT INTERVENTIONS
Designed for counselors and other student development specialists who work with late adolescents and young adults. It provides a framework for psychoeducational interventions with preventive and developmental goals as well as for remedially focused activity. It is compatible with the higher educational goals of enhancing intellectual development and with personal development goals, such as the acquisition of problem solving and coping skills. Individual as well as group counseling models will be presented.

PSYED 3724 DEVELOPMENTAL COUNSELING - ADULT
Life structure, adaptation, socialization and personality development perspectives on adult development are reviewed. Current adult development theorists such as Levinson, Vaillant, Schlossberg, Gould and others are studied to relate theory to systems of developmental counseling intervention. In addition biographical interviewing is demonstrated and case materials analyzed.

PSYED 3725 PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE IN COUNSELING PSYCHOLOGY
Examines important new developments affecting the private practice of psychology in the '90s. Changes in third-party payments, the emergence of managed mental health care, provider panels, and liability issues are among topics to be addressed. Both threats and opportunities for psychologists will be explored.

PSYED 3787 SPECIAL TOPICS IN COUNSELING PSYCHOLOGY (1 CREDIT)
PSYED 3788 SPECIAL TOPICS IN COUNSELING PSYCHOLOGY (2 CREDITS)
PSYED 3789 SPECIAL TOPICS IN COUNSELING PSYCHOLOGY (3 CREDITS)
This advanced course focuses on selected topical areas of special importance for the contemporary counseling psychologist. Each time it is offered a different topic is addressed from theoretical, research, and intervention perspectives. Potential topics are counseling for health, stress counseling, strategies for anxiety reduction and management, substance abuse intervention in schools and the workplace, etc.

PSYED 3790 RESEARCH SEMINAR IN COUNSELING PSYCHOLOGY
Research seminar for doctoral students in counseling psychology.

PSYED 3791 SUPERVISED RESEARCH IN COUNSELING PSYCHOLOGY
For counseling psychology students who are working on their master's-level research project.

PSYED 3792 PRACTICUM IN COUNSELING PSYCHOLOGY
For students in counseling psychology engaged in a practicum experience.

PSYED 3793 PRACTICUM IN GROUP COUNSELING
This practicum is for doctoral and post-master's students who wish to lead counseling groups under faculty supervision.

PSYED 3796 INTERNSHIP IN COUNSELING PSYCHOLOGY
For students in counseling psychology engaged in an internship experience.

PSYED 3798 DIRECTED STUDY IN COUNSELING PSYCHOLOGY
For students involved in a scholarly endeavor under the direction of a faculty member.

PSYED 3799 DISSERTATION RESEARCH IN COUNSELING PSYCHOLOGY
For counseling psychology students engaged in dissertation research.







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